fix: look for yarn pnp when looking for eslint projdir

* Fix texlab GetProjectRoot

* Fix indents in texlab#GetProjectRoot

* Prevent texlab from starting on every tex file

* Update texlab Vader tests

* Fix GetProjectRoot to return parent of .git

Previously, the function returned `../.git/`. We want the function to return the parent directory above that as the project root. This should help pass Vader tests.

.appveyor.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+---
+# Disabling building for AppVeyor. We are just testing things.
+build: false
+clone_depth: 10
+# Use the directory C:\testplugin so test directories will mostly work.
+clone_folder: C:\testplugin
+
+branches:
+  only:
+    - master
+    - /v\d+\.\d+\.(x|\d+)/
+
+# Cache the vim and vader directories between builds.
+cache:
+  - C:\vim -> .appveyor.yml
+  - C:\vader -> .appveyor.yml
+
+init:
+  # Stop git from changing newlines
+  - git config --global core.autocrlf input
+
+# NOTE: If you change the Vim or Vader versions here, please also update the
+# instructions for running tests on Windows in ale-development.txt
+
+install:
+  # Download and unpack Vim
+  - ps: >-
+      if (!(Test-Path -Path C:\vim)){
+        Add-Type -A System.IO.Compression.FileSystem
+        Invoke-WebRequest ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/pc/vim80-586w32.zip `
+          -OutFile C:\vim.zip
+        [IO.Compression.ZipFile]::ExtractToDirectory('C:\vim.zip', 'C:\vim')
+        Invoke-WebRequest ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/pc/vim80-586rt.zip `
+          -OutFile C:\rt.zip
+        [IO.Compression.ZipFile]::ExtractToDirectory('C:\rt.zip', 'C:\vim')
+      }
+  # Clone Vader and check out the commit we want
+  - ps: >-
+      if (!(Test-Path -Path C:\vader)){
+        git clone https://github.com/junegunn/vader.vim C:\vader 2> $null
+        cd C:\vader
+        git checkout -qf c6243dd81c98350df4dec608fa972df98fa2a3af 2> $null
+      }
+
+test_script:
+  - cd C:\testplugin
+  - 'C:\vim\vim\vim80\vim.exe -u test\vimrc "+Vader!
+    test/*.vader test/*/*.vader test/*/*/*.vader test/*/*/*.vader"'

.editorconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# EditorConfig is awesome: http://EditorConfig.org
+
+# Top-most EditorConfig file
+root = true
+
+# Match and apply these rules for all file
+# types you open in your code editor
+[*]
+# Unix-style newlines
+end_of_line = lf
+insert_final_newline = true
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 4
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true

.gitattributes

@@ -2,11 +2,12 @@
 /CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md export-ignore
 /CONTRIBUTING.md export-ignore
 /Dockerfile export-ignore
+/ISSUE_TEMPLATE export-ignore
 /ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md export-ignore
 /Makefile export-ignore
 /PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md export-ignore
 /README.md export-ignore
-/custom-checks export-ignore
 /img export-ignore
 /run-tests export-ignore
+/run-tests.bat export-ignore
 /test export-ignore

.github/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+## Guidelines
+
+Have fun, and work on whatever floats your boat. Take It Easy :tm:.
+
+For help with contributing to ALE, see `:help ale-development` in Vim, or view
+the help file online [here](/doc/ale-development.txt).
+
+## Creating Issues
+
+Before creating any issues, please look through the current list of issues and
+pull requests, and ensure that the issue hasn't already been reported. If an
+issue has already been reported, but you have some new insight, please add
+a comment to the existing issue.
+
+Please read the FAQ in the README before creating any issues. A feature
+you desire may already exist and be documented, or the FAQ might explain
+how to solve a problem you have already.
+
+Please try and describe any issues reported with as much detail as you can
+provide about your Vim version, the linter you were trying to run, your
+operating system, or any other information you think might be helpful.
+
+Please describe your issue in clear, grammatically correct, and easy to
+understand English. You are more likely to see an issue resolved if others
+can understand you.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/report-a-bug.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+---
+name: Report a bug
+labels: bug
+about: Report a bug with ALE.
+
+---
+
+<!--
+  This is the template for reporting ALE bugs. Make sure you try updating ALE
+  to a more recent version before reporting a bug. Look through existing bug
+  reports for similar issues before reporting a new one. Don't leave comments
+  about new bugs in the comment section for old issues.
+
+  Make sure to try disabling other plugins and trying to repeat your bug before
+  reporting it in ALE. Some times problems can arise when two plugins are used
+  together, but often your issues might be problems with other plugins.
+-->
+
+## Information
+
+**VIM version**
+
+<!-- Paste just the first two lines of :version here. -->
+
+Operating System: <!-- Describe your operating system version. -->
+
+## What went wrong
+
+<!-- Describe what went wrong here. Be specific. -->
+
+Something went wrong in specifically this place, and I also searched through both open and closed issues for the same problem before reporting a bug here.
+
+Are you having trouble configuring ALE? Try asking for help on [Stack Exchange](https://vi.stackexchange.com/) or perhaps on [Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/vim/) instead. The GitHub issue tracker should be used for reporting bugs or asking for new features.
+
+## Reproducing the bug
+
+<!-- Write a list of steps below. -->
+
+1. I did this.
+2. Then this happened.
+
+### :ALEInfo
+
+<!-- Paste the output of :ALEInfo here. Try :ALEInfoToClipboard -->
+<!-- Make sure to run :ALEInfo from the buffer where the bug occurred. -->
+<!-- Read the output. You might figure out what went wrong yourself. -->

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/suggest-a-new-linter-or-fixer.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+---
+name: Suggest a new linter or fixer
+labels: new tool
+about: Suggest a new tool ALE can officially integrate with.
+
+---
+
+<!--
+  Write "Add support for foobar" as the issue title, or similar.
+
+  Fill out the details below.
+-->
+
+**Name:** foobar
+**URL:** https://foo.bar.com
+
+<!--
+  Write a description of the tool, and add any other information you think might
+  be helpful. Consider creating a pull request to add support for the tool
+  yourself.
+-->

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/suggest-an-improvement.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+name: Suggest an improvement
+labels: enhancement
+about: Suggest some way to improve ALE, or add a new feature.
+
+---
+
+<!-- There's no fixed format for feature requests. Just add your thoughts. -->

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<!--
+Before creating a pull request, do the following.
+
+* Read the Contributing guide linked above first.
+* Read the documentation that comes with ALE with `:help ale-dev`.
+
+Have fun!
+-->
+
+Where are the tests? Have you added tests? Have you updated the tests? Read the
+comment above and the documentation referenced in it first. Write tests!
+
+Seriously, read `:help ale-dev` and write tests.

.github/stale.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+# This configuration closes stale PRs after 28 + 7 days.
+# That's 4 weeks until stale bot complains, and a week until it closes a PR.
+# Issues in ALE are never, ever stale. They are either resolved or not.
+only: pulls
+daysUntilStale: 28
+daysUntilClose: 7
+exemptLabels: []
+staleLabel: stale
+markComment: >
+  This pull request has been automatically marked as stale because it has not
+  been updated recently. Make sure to write tests and document your changes.
+  See `:help ale-dev` for information on writing tests.
+
+  If your pull request is good to merge, bother w0rp or another maintainer
+  again, and get them to merge it.
+closeComment: false

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+---
+name: CI
+on:  # yamllint disable-line rule:truthy
+  push:
+    branches: [ master ]  # yamllint disable-line rule:brackets
+    tags:
+      - /^v\d+\.\d+\.(x|\d+)$/
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ master ]  # yamllint disable-line rule:brackets
+
+jobs:
+  build_image:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Build docker run image
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          DOCKER_HUB_USER: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USER }}
+          DOCKER_HUB_PASS: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_PASS }}
+        run: ./run-tests --build-image
+  test_ale:
+    needs: build_image
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        vim-version:
+          - '--vim-80-only'
+          - '--vim-82-only'
+          - '--neovim-02-only'
+          - '--neovim-04-only'
+          - '--linters-only'
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: ./run-tests -v ${{ matrix.vim-version }}

.gitignore

@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
-/init.vim
-/doc/tags
-.*
+!.editorconfig
 *.obj
+*.pyc
+# Ignore all hidden files everywhere.
+# Use `git add -f` to add hidden files.
+.*
+/doc/tags
+/init.vim
+/test/ale-info-test-file
+/vader_output
+__pycache__
 tags

.travis.yml

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
----
-sudo: required
-services:
-    - docker
-branches:
-    only:
-        - master
-language: python
-script: |
-    ./run-tests

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-# Contributing to ALE
-
-1. [Guidelines](#guidelines)
-2. [Creating Issues](#issues)
-3. [Creating Pull Requests](#pull-requests)
-    1. [Adding a New Linter](#adding-a-new-linter)
-    2. [Adding New Options](#adding-new-options)
-4. [Writing Documentation](#writing-documentation)
-    1. [Documenting New Linters](#documenting-new-linters)
-    2. [Editing the Online Documentation](#editing-online-documentation)
-    3. [Documenting Linter Options](#documenting-linter-options)
-5. [In Case of Busses](#in-case-of-busses)
-
-<a name="guidelines"></a>
-
-## 1. Guidelines
-
-Have fun, and work on whatever floats your boat. Take It Easy :tm:.
-
-Don't forget to **write documentation** for whatever it is you are doing.
-See the ["Writing Documentation"](#writing-documentation) section.
-
-Remember to write Vader tests for most of the code you write. You can look at
-existing Vader tests in the `test` directory for examples.
-
-When writing code, follow the [Google Vimscript Style
-Guide](https://google.github.io/styleguide/vimscriptguide.xml), and run `vint
--s` on your files to check for most of what the guide mentions and more. If you
-install this plugin (ALE) and install [Vint](https://github.com/Kuniwak/vint), it
-will check your code while you type.
-
-<a name="issues"></a>
-
-## 2. Creating Issues
-
-Before creating any issues, please look through the current list of issues and
-pull requests, and ensure that the issue hasn't already been reported. If an
-issue has already been reported, but you have some new insight, please add
-a comment to the existing issue.
-
-Please read the FAQ in the README before creating any issues. A feature
-you desire may already exist and be documented, or the FAQ might explain
-how to solve a problem you have already.
-
-Please try and describe any issues reported with as much detail as you can
-provide about your Vim version, the linter you were trying to run, your
-operating system, or any other information you think might be helpful.
-
-Please describe your issue in clear, grammatically correct, and easy to
-understand English. You are more likely to see an issue resolved if others
-can understand you.
-
-<a name="pull-requests"></a>
-
-## 3. Creating Pull Requests
-
-For code you write, make sure to credit yourself at the top of files you add,
-and probably those you modify. You can write some comments at the top of your
-VIM files.
-
-```vim
-" Author: John Smith <john.smith@gmail.com>
-" Description: This file adds support for awesomelinter for the best language ever.
-```
-
-If you want to credit multiple authors, you can comma separate them.
-
-```vim
-" Author: John Smith <john.smith@gmail.com>, Jane Doe <https://jane-doe.info>
-```
-
-<a name="adding-a-new-linter"></a>
-
-### 3.i. Adding a New Linter
-
-If you add a new linter, look for existing handlers first in the
-[handlers.vim](autoload/ale/handlers.vim) file. One of the handlers there may
-already be able to handle your lines of output. If you find that your new
-linter replicates an existing error handler, consider pulling it up into the
-[handlers.vim](autoload/ale/handlers.vim) file, and use the generic handler in
-both places.
-
-When you add a linter, make sure the language for the linter and the linter
-itself are present in the table in the [README.md](README.md) file and in the
-Vim [help file](doc/ale.txt). The programs and linters should be sorted
-alphabetically in the table and list.
-
-<a name="adding-new-options"></a>
-
-### 3.ii. Adding New Options
-
-If you add new options to the plugin, make sure to document those new options
-in the [README.md](README.md) file, and also in the [help file](doc/ale.txt).
-Follow the format of other options in each. Global options should appear in the
-README file, and in the relevant section in the help file. Options specific
-to a particular linter should appear in the section for that linter.
-
-Linter options for customizing general argument lists should be named
-`g:ale_<filetype>_<linter>_options`, so that all linters can have similar
-global variable names.
-
-Any options for linters should be set to some default value so it is always
-easy to see what the default is with `:echo g:ale...`.
-
-<a name="writing-documentation"></a>
-
-## 4. Writing Documentation
-
-If you are adding new linters, changing the API, adding new options, etc., you
-_must_ write some documentation describing it in the `doc/ale.txt` file.  New
-linters _must_ be added to the `README.md` file too, so other users can get a
-quick overview of the supported tools.
-
-<a name="documenting-new-linters"></a>
-
-### 4.i Documenting New Linters
-
-If you add a new linter to the project, edit the table in the `README.md` file,
-and edit the list of linters at the top of the `doc/ale.txt` file. The linters
-should be sorted vertically in lexicographic (alphabetical) order by the
-programming language name or filetype, and the tools for each language should
-be sorted in lexicographic order horizontally. Sorting in this manner is a fair
-manner of presenting all of the information in an easy to scan way, without
-giving some unfair preference to any particular tool or language.
-
-<a name="editing-online-documentation"></a>
-
-### 4.ii Editing the Online Documentation
-
-The "online documentation" file used for this project lives in `doc/ale.txt`.
-This is the file used for generating `:help` text inside Vim itself. There are
-some guidlines to follow for this file.
-
-1. Keep all text within a column size of 79 characters, inclusive.
-2. Open a section with 79 `=` or `-` characters, for headings and subheadings.
-3. Sections should have a _single_ blank line before or after.
-4. Between descriptions of variables/functions/commands, use _two_ blank lines.
-5. Up-indent the description of a variable/function/command by two spaces.
-6. Place tags at the ends of lines, with the final characters on column 79.
-   All of the tags should line up perfectly on the same column as you scan
-   down through the document.
-7. Keep the table of contents balanced so the longest tag link ends on column
-   79, and so all links line up perfectly on their first character, on the
-   left.
-
-<a name="documenting-linter-options"></a>
-
-### 4.iii Documenting Linter Options
-
-For documenting new linter options, please add a new sub-section under the
-"Linter Specific Options" section describing all of the global options added
-for each linter, and what the default values of the options are. All global
-options for linters should be set to some default value. This will allow users
-to look up the default value easily by typing `:echo g:ale_...`.
-
-<a name="in-case-of-busses"></a>
-
-## 5. In Case of Busses
-
-Should the principal author of the ALE project and all collaborators with the
-required access needed to properly administrate the project on GitHub or any
-other website either perish or disappear, whether by tragic traffic accident
-or government adduction, etc., action should be taken to ensure that the
-project continues. If no one is left to administer the project where it is
-hosted, please fork the project and nominate someone capable to administer it.
-Preferably, in such an event, a single fork of the project will replace the
-original, and life will go on, except the life of whoever vanished, because
-then they will probably be dead.
-
-Should w0rp suddenly disappear, then he was probably killed in a traffic
-accident, or the government finally decided to kill him and make it look like
-suicide. In the latter event, please subvert said government and restore
-order to the universe, and ensure peace for mankind.

Dockerfile

@@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
 FROM tweekmonster/vim-testbed:latest
 
 RUN install_vim -tag v8.0.0027 -build \
-                -tag neovim:v0.1.7 -build
+                -tag v8.2.2401 -build \
+                -tag neovim:v0.2.0 -build \
+                -tag neovim:v0.4.4 -build
 
 ENV PACKAGES="\
     bash \
     git \
     python \
     py-pip \
+    grep \
+    sed \
 "
 RUN apk --update add $PACKAGES && \
     rm -rf /var/cache/apk/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*
 
-RUN pip install vim-vint==0.3.9
+RUN pip install vim-vint==0.3.15
 
 RUN git clone https://github.com/junegunn/vader.vim vader && \
     cd vader && git checkout c6243dd81c98350df4dec608fa972df98fa2a3af
+
+ARG GIT_VERSION
+LABEL Version=${GIT_VERSION}
+LABEL Name=w0rp/ale

ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-<!--
-READ THIS FIRST: If you are experiencing any bug whatsoever dealing with
-the output of linters, please use `let g:ale_history_log_output = 1` before
-pasting output. It will capture the output of commands that are run.
-
-For bugs, paste output from your clipboard after running :ALEInfoToClipboard
-here. If that doesn't work for some reason, try running :ALEInfo and copying
-the output from that here instead. If everything is broken, run around in
-circles and scream.
-
-Whatever the case, describe the your issue here.
--->

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2016, w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
+Copyright (c) 2016-2020, w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
 All rights reserved.
 
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-<!--
-When creating new pull requests, please consider the following.
-
-* Read the Contributing guide linked above first.
-* If you are adding a new linter, remember to update the README.md file and
-  doc/ale.txt first.
-* If you add or modify a function for converting error lines into loclist items
-  that ALE can work with, please add Vader tests for them. Look at existing
-  tests in the test/handler directory, etc.
-* If you add or modify a function for computing a command line string for
-  running a command, please add Vader tests for that.
-* Generally try and cover anything with Vader tests, although some things just
-  can't be tested with Vader, or at least they can be hard to test. Consider
-  breaking up your code so that some parts can be tested, and generally open up
-  a discussion about it.
-* Have fun!
--->

README.md

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
-# Asynchronous Lint Engine [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/w0rp/ale.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/w0rp/ale)
+# Asynchronous Lint Engine [![GitHub Build Status](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale/workflows/CI/badge.svg)](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale/actions?query=event%3Apush+workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster++) [![AppVeyor Build Status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/r0ef1xu8xjmik58d/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/dense-analysis/ale) [![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/vim-ale/Lobby](https://badges.gitter.im/vim-ale/Lobby.svg)](https://gitter.im/vim-ale/Lobby?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
 
-![ALE Logo by Mark Grealish - https://www.bhalash.com/](img/logo.jpg?raw=true)
 
-ALE (Asynchronous Lint Engine) is a plugin for providing linting in NeoVim
-and Vim 8 while you edit your text files.
+![ALE Logo by Mark Grealish - https://www.bhalash.com/](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/3518142/59195920-2c339500-8b85-11e9-9c22-f6b7f69637b8.jpg)
 
-![linting example](img/example.gif?raw=true)
+ALE (Asynchronous Lint Engine) is a plugin providing linting (syntax checking
+and semantic errors) in NeoVim 0.2.0+ and Vim 8 while you edit your text files,
+and acts as a Vim [Language Server Protocol](https://langserver.org/) client.
+
+<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/3518142/59195938-3a81b100-8b85-11e9-8e8d-6a601b1db908.gif" alt="A linting example with the darkspectrum color scheme in GVim." title="A linting example with the darkspectrum color scheme in GVim.">
 
 ALE makes use of NeoVim and Vim 8 job control functions and timers to
 run linters on the contents of text buffers and return errors as
@@ -15,122 +17,88 @@ back to a filesystem.
 
 In other words, this plugin allows you to lint while you type.
 
-ALE also supports fixing problems with files by running commands in the
-background with a command `ALEFix`.
+ALE offers support for fixing code with command line tools in a non-blocking
+manner with the `:ALEFix` feature, supporting tools in many languages, like
+`prettier`, `eslint`, `autopep8`, and more.
+
+ALE acts as a "language client" to support a variety of Language Server Protocol
+features, including:
+
+* Diagnostics (via Language Server Protocol linters)
+* Go To Definition (`:ALEGoToDefinition`)
+* Completion (Built in completion support, or with Deoplete)
+* Finding references (`:ALEFindReferences`)
+* Hover information (`:ALEHover`)
+* Symbol search (`:ALESymbolSearch`)
+
+If you don't care about Language Server Protocol, ALE won't load any of the code
+for working with it unless needed. One of ALE's general missions is that you
+won't pay for the features that you don't use.
+
+**Help Wanted:** If you would like to help maintain this plugin by managing the
+many issues and pull requests that are submitted, please send the author an
+email at [dev@w0rp.com](mailto:dev@w0rp.com?subject=Helping%20with%20ALE).
+
+If you enjoy this plugin, feel free to contribute or check out the author's
+other content at [w0rp.com](https://w0rp.com).
 
 ## Table of Contents
 
 1. [Supported Languages and Tools](#supported-languages)
 2. [Usage](#usage)
+    1. [Linting](#usage-linting)
+    2. [Fixing](#usage-fixing)
+    3. [Completion](#usage-completion)
+    4. [Go To Definition](#usage-go-to-definition)
+    5. [Find References](#usage-find-references)
+    6. [Hovering](#usage-hover)
+    7. [Symbol Search](#usage-symbol-search)
+    8. [Refactoring: Rename, Actions](#usage-refactoring)
 3. [Installation](#installation)
-    1. [Installation with Pathogen](#installation-with-pathogen)
-    2. [Installation with Vundle](#installation-with-vundle)
-    3. [Manual Installation](#manual-installation)
+    1. [Installation with Vim package management](#standard-installation)
+    2. [Installation with Pathogen](#installation-with-pathogen)
+    3. [Installation with Vundle](#installation-with-vundle)
+    4. [Installation with Vim-Plug](#installation-with-vim-plug)
 4. [Contributing](#contributing)
 5. [FAQ](#faq)
     1. [How do I disable particular linters?](#faq-disable-linters)
-    2. [How can I keep the sign gutter open?](#faq-keep-signs)
-    3. [How can I change the signs ALE uses?](#faq-change-signs)
-    4. [How can I show errors or warnings in my statusline?](#faq-statusline)
-    5. [How can I change the format for echo messages?](#faq-echo-format)
-    6. [How can I execute some code when ALE stops linting?](#faq-autocmd)
-    7. [How can I navigate between errors quickly?](#faq-navigation)
-    8. [How can I run linters only when I save files?](#faq-lint-on-save)
-    9. [How can I use the quickfix list instead of the loclist?](#faq-quickfix)
-    10. [How can I check JSX files with both stylelint and eslint?](#faq-jsx-stylelint-eslint)
-    11. [Will this plugin eat all of my laptop battery power?](#faq-my-battery-is-sad)
+    2. [How can I see what ALE has configured for the current file?](#faq-get-info)
+    3. [How can I use ALE and coc.nvim together?](#faq-coc-nvim)
+    4. [How can I keep the sign gutter open?](#faq-keep-signs)
+    5. [How can I change the signs ALE uses?](#faq-change-signs)
+    6. [How can I change or disable the highlights ALE uses?](#faq-change-highlights)
+    7. [How can I show errors or warnings in my statusline?](#faq-statusline)
+    8. [How can I show errors or warnings in my lightline?](#faq-lightline)
+    9. [How can I change the format for echo messages?](#faq-echo-format)
+    10. [How can I execute some code when ALE starts or stops linting?](#faq-autocmd)
+    11. [How can I navigate between errors quickly?](#faq-navigation)
+    12. [How can I run linters only when I save files?](#faq-lint-on-save)
+    13. [How can I use the quickfix list instead of the loclist?](#faq-quickfix)
+    14. [How can I check JSX files with both stylelint and eslint?](#faq-jsx-stylelint-eslint)
+    15. [How can I check Vue files with ESLint?](#faq-vue-eslint)
+    16. [Will this plugin eat all of my laptop battery power?](#faq-my-battery-is-sad)
+    17. [How can I configure my C or C++ project?](#faq-c-configuration)
+    18. [How can I configure ALE differently for different buffers?](#faq-buffer-configuration)
+    19. [How can I configure the height of the list in which ALE displays errors?](#faq-list-window-height)
+    20. [How can I run linters or fixers via Docker or a VM?](#faq-vm)
+    21. [How can I change the borders for floating preview windows?](#faq-window-borders)
 
 <a name="supported-languages"></a>
 
 ## 1. Supported Languages and Tools
 
-This plugin supports the following languages and tools. All available
-tools will be run in combination, so they can be complementary.
-
-<!--
-Keep the table rows sorted alphabetically by the language name,
-and the tools in the tools column sorted alphabetically by the tool
-name. That seems to be the fairest way to arrange this table.
--->
-
-| Language | Tools |
-| -------- | ----- |
-| ASM | [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org) |
-| Ansible | [ansible-lint](https://github.com/willthames/ansible-lint) |
-| AsciiDoc | [proselint](http://proselint.com/)|
-| Awk | [gawk](https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/)|
-| Bash | [-n flag](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-set), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/) |
-| Bourne Shell | [-n flag](http://linux.die.net/man/1/sh), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/) |
-| C | [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/), [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/)|
-| C++ (filetype cpp) | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangcheck](http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangCheck.html), [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/), [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/)|
-| C# | [mcs](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/languages/csharp/) |
-| Chef | [foodcritic](http://www.foodcritic.io/) |
-| CMake | [cmakelint](https://github.com/richq/cmake-lint) |
-| CoffeeScript | [coffee](http://coffeescript.org/), [coffeelint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/coffeelint) |
-| Crystal | [crystal](https://crystal-lang.org/) |
-| CSS | [csslint](http://csslint.net/), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
-| Cython (pyrex filetype) | [cython](http://cython.org/) |
-| D | [dmd](https://dlang.org/dmd-linux.html) |
-| Dockerfile | [hadolint](https://github.com/lukasmartinelli/hadolint) |
-| Elixir | [credo](https://github.com/rrrene/credo), [dogma](https://github.com/lpil/dogma) |
-| Elm | [elm-make](https://github.com/elm-lang/elm-make) |
-| Erb | [erb](https://github.com/jeremyevans/erubi) |
-| Erlang | [erlc](http://erlang.org/doc/man/erlc.html) |
-| Fortran | [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
-| FusionScript | [fusion-lint](https://github.com/RyanSquared/fusionscript) |
-| Go | [gofmt -e](https://golang.org/cmd/gofmt/), [go vet](https://golang.org/cmd/vet/), [golint](https://godoc.org/github.com/golang/lint), [gometalinter](https://github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter), [go build](https://golang.org/cmd/go/), [gosimple](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/gosimple), [staticcheck](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/staticcheck) |
-| Haml | [haml-lint](https://github.com/brigade/haml-lint)
-| Handlebars | [ember-template-lint](https://github.com/rwjblue/ember-template-lint) |
-| Haskell | [ghc](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/), [ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [hlint](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hlint), [hdevtools](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hdevtools) |
-| HTML | [HTMLHint](http://htmlhint.com/), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [tidy](http://www.html-tidy.org/) |
-| Java | [checkstyle](http://checkstyle.sourceforge.net), [javac](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html) |
-| JavaScript | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [jscs](http://jscs.info/), [jshint](http://jshint.com/), [flow](https://flowtype.org/), [standard](http://standardjs.com/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) (and `prettier-eslint`), [xo](https://github.com/sindresorhus/xo)
-| JSON | [jsonlint](http://zaa.ch/jsonlint/) |
-| Kotlin | [kotlinc](https://kotlinlang.org), [ktlint](https://ktlint.github.io) see `:help ale-integration-kotlin` for configuration instructions
-| LaTeX | [chktex](http://www.nongnu.org/chktex/), [lacheck](https://www.ctan.org/pkg/lacheck), [proselint](http://proselint.com/) |
-| Lua | [luacheck](https://github.com/mpeterv/luacheck) |
-| Markdown | [mdl](https://github.com/mivok/markdownlint), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale) |
-| MATLAB | [mlint](https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/mlint.html) |
-| Nim | [nim](https://nim-lang.org/docs/nimc.html) |
-| nix | [nix-instantiate](http://nixos.org/nix/manual/#sec-nix-instantiate) |
-| nroff | [proselint](http://proselint.com/)|
-| Objective-C | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/) |
-| Objective-C++ | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/) |
-| OCaml | [merlin](https://github.com/the-lambda-church/merlin) see `:help ale-integration-ocaml-merlin` for configuration instructions
-| Perl | [perl -c](https://perl.org/), [perl-critic](https://metacpan.org/pod/Perl::Critic) |
-| PHP | [hack](http://hacklang.org/), [php -l](https://secure.php.net/), [phpcs](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [phpmd](https://phpmd.org) |
-| Pod | [proselint](http://proselint.com/)|
-| Pug | [pug-lint](https://github.com/pugjs/pug-lint) |
-| Puppet | [puppet](https://puppet.com), [puppet-lint](https://puppet-lint.com) |
-| Python | [autopep8](https://github.com/hhatto/autopep8), [flake8](http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/), [isort](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort), [mypy](http://mypy-lang.org/), [pylint](https://www.pylint.org/), [yapf](https://github.com/google/yapf) |
-| ReasonML | [merlin](https://github.com/the-lambda-church/merlin) see `:help ale-integration-reason-merlin` for configuration instructions
-| reStructuredText | [proselint](http://proselint.com/)|
-| RPM spec | [rpmlint](https://github.com/rpm-software-management/rpmlint) (disabled by default; see `:help ale-integration-spec`) |
-| Ruby | [brakeman](http://brakemanscanner.org/), [reek](https://github.com/troessner/reek), [rubocop](https://github.com/bbatsov/rubocop), [ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org) |
-| Rust | [rustc](https://www.rust-lang.org/), cargo (see `:help ale-integration-rust` for configuration instructions) |
-| SASS | [sass-lint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/sass-lint), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
-| SCSS | [sass-lint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/sass-lint), [scss-lint](https://github.com/brigade/scss-lint), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
-| Scala | [scalac](http://scala-lang.org) |
-| Slim | [slim-lint](https://github.com/sds/slim-lint)
-| SML | [smlnj](http://www.smlnj.org/) |
-| SQL | [sqlint](https://github.com/purcell/sqlint) |
-| Swift | [swiftlint](https://swift.org/) |
-| Texinfo | [proselint](http://proselint.com/)|
-| Text^ | [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale) |
-| TypeScript | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [tslint](https://github.com/palantir/tslint), tsserver, typecheck |
-| Verilog | [iverilog](https://github.com/steveicarus/iverilog), [verilator](http://www.veripool.org/projects/verilator/wiki/Intro) |
-| Vim | [vint](https://github.com/Kuniwak/vint) |
-| Vim help^ | [proselint](http://proselint.com/)|
-| XHTML | [proselint](http://proselint.com/)|
-| XML | [xmllint](http://xmlsoft.org/xmllint.html/)|
-| YAML | [yamllint](https://yamllint.readthedocs.io/) |
-
-* *^ No linters for text or Vim help filetypes are enabled by default.*
+ALE supports a wide variety of languages and tools. See the
+[full list](supported-tools.md) in the
+[Supported Languages and Tools](supported-tools.md) page.
 
 <a name="usage"></a>
 
 ## 2. Usage
 
+<a name="usage-linting"></a>
+
+### 2.i Linting
+
 Once this plugin is installed, while editing your files in supported
 languages and tools which have been correctly installed,
 this plugin will send the contents of your text buffers to a variety of
@@ -138,13 +106,166 @@ programs for checking the syntax and semantics of your programs. By default,
 linters will be re-run in the background to check your syntax when you open
 new buffers or as you make edits to your files.
 
-The behaviour of linting can be configured with a variety of options,
+The behavior of linting can be configured with a variety of options,
 documented in [the Vim help file](doc/ale.txt). For more information on the
 options ALE offers, consult `:help ale-options` for global options and `:help
-ale-linter-options` for options specified to particular linters.
+ale-integration-options` for options specified to particular linters.
+
+<a name="usage-fixing"></a>
+
+### 2.ii Fixing
 
 ALE can fix files with the `ALEFix` command. Functions need to be configured
-for different filetypes with the `g:ale_fixers` variable. See `:help ale-fix`.
+either in each buffer with a `b:ale_fixers`, or globally with `g:ale_fixers`.
+
+The recommended way to configure fixers is to define a List in an ftplugin file.
+
+```vim
+" In ~/.vim/ftplugin/javascript.vim, or somewhere similar.
+
+" Fix files with prettier, and then ESLint.
+let b:ale_fixers = ['prettier', 'eslint']
+" Equivalent to the above.
+let b:ale_fixers = {'javascript': ['prettier', 'eslint']}
+```
+
+You can also configure your fixers from vimrc using `g:ale_fixers`, before or
+after ALE has been loaded.
+
+A `*` in place of the filetype will apply a List of fixers to all files which
+do not match some filetype in the Dictionary.
+
+Note that using a plain List for `g:ale_fixers` is not supported.
+
+```vim
+" In ~/.vim/vimrc, or somewhere similar.
+let g:ale_fixers = {
+\   '*': ['remove_trailing_lines', 'trim_whitespace'],
+\   'javascript': ['eslint'],
+\}
+```
+
+If you want to automatically fix files when you save them, you need to turn
+a setting on in vimrc.
+
+```vim
+" Set this variable to 1 to fix files when you save them.
+let g:ale_fix_on_save = 1
+```
+
+The `:ALEFixSuggest` command will suggest some supported tools for fixing code.
+Both `g:ale_fixers` and `b:ale_fixers` can also accept functions, including
+lambda functions, as fixers, for fixing files with custom tools.
+
+See `:help ale-fix` for complete information on how to fix files with ALE.
+
+<a name="usage-completion"></a>
+
+### 2.iii Completion
+
+ALE offers some support for completion via hijacking of omnicompletion while you
+type. All of ALE's completion information must come from Language Server
+Protocol linters, or from `tsserver` for TypeScript.
+
+ALE integrates with [Deoplete](https://github.com/Shougo/deoplete.nvim) as a
+completion source, named `'ale'`. You can configure Deoplete to only use ALE as
+the source of completion information, or mix it with other sources.
+
+```vim
+" Use ALE and also some plugin 'foobar' as completion sources for all code.
+call deoplete#custom#option('sources', {
+\ '_': ['ale', 'foobar'],
+\})
+```
+
+ALE also offers its own automatic completion support, which does not require any
+other plugins, and can be enabled by changing a setting before ALE is loaded.
+
+```vim
+" Enable completion where available.
+" This setting must be set before ALE is loaded.
+"
+" You should not turn this setting on if you wish to use ALE as a completion
+" source for other completion plugins, like Deoplete.
+let g:ale_completion_enabled = 1
+```
+
+ALE provides an omni-completion function you can use for triggering
+completion manually with `<C-x><C-o>`.
+
+```vim
+set omnifunc=ale#completion#OmniFunc
+```
+
+ALE supports automatic imports from external modules. This behavior is disabled
+by default and can be enabled by setting:
+
+```vim
+let g:ale_completion_autoimport = 1
+```
+
+See `:help ale-completion` for more information.
+
+<a name="usage-go-to-definition"></a>
+
+### 2.iv Go To Definition
+
+ALE supports jumping to the definition of words under your cursor with the
+`:ALEGoToDefinition` command using any enabled Language Server Protocol linters
+and `tsserver`.
+
+See `:help ale-go-to-definition` for more information.
+
+<a name="usage-find-references"></a>
+
+### 2.v Find References
+
+ALE supports finding references for words under your cursor with the
+`:ALEFindReferences` command using any enabled Language Server Protocol linters
+and `tsserver`.
+
+See `:help ale-find-references` for more information.
+
+<a name="usage-hover"></a>
+
+### 2.vi Hovering
+
+ALE supports "hover" information for printing brief information about symbols at
+the cursor taken from Language Server Protocol linters and `tsserver` with the
+`ALEHover` command.
+
+Truncated information will be displayed when the cursor rests on a symbol by
+default, as long as there are no problems on the same line.
+
+The information can be displayed in a `balloon` tooltip in Vim or GVim by
+hovering your mouse over symbols. Mouse hovering is enabled by default in GVim,
+and needs to be configured for Vim 8.1+ in terminals.
+
+See `:help ale-hover` for more information.
+
+<a name="usage-symbol-search"></a>
+
+### 2.vii Symbol Search
+
+ALE supports searching for workspace symbols via Language Server Protocol
+linters with the `ALESymbolSearch` command.
+
+Search queries can be performed to find functions, types, and more which are
+similar to a given query string.
+
+See `:help ale-symbol-search` for more information.
+
+<a name="usage-refactoring"></a>
+
+### 2.viii Refactoring: Rename, Actions
+
+ALE supports renaming symbols in symbols in code such as variables or class
+names with the `ALERename` command.
+
+`ALECodeAction` will execute actions on the cursor or applied to a visual
+range selection, such as automatically fixing errors.
+
+See `:help ale-refactor` for more information.
 
 <a name="installation"></a>
 
@@ -152,13 +273,59 @@ for different filetypes with the `g:ale_fixers` variable. See `:help ale-fix`.
 
 To install this plugin, you should use one of the following methods.
 For Windows users, replace usage of the Unix `~/.vim` directory with
-`%USERPROFILE%\_vim`, or another directory if you have configured
+`%USERPROFILE%\vimfiles`, or another directory if you have configured
 Vim differently. On Windows, your `~/.vimrc` file will be similarly
 stored in `%USERPROFILE%\_vimrc`.
 
+<a name="standard-installation"></a>
+
+### 3.i. Installation with Vim package management
+
+In Vim 8 and NeoVim, you can install plugins easily without needing to use
+any other tools. Simply clone the plugin into your `pack` directory.
+
+#### Vim 8 on Unix
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p ~/.vim/pack/git-plugins/start
+git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale.git ~/.vim/pack/git-plugins/start/ale
+```
+
+#### NeoVim on Unix
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p ~/.local/share/nvim/site/pack/git-plugins/start
+git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale.git ~/.local/share/nvim/site/pack/git-plugins/start/ale
+```
+
+#### Vim 8 on Windows
+
+```bash
+# Run these commands in the "Git for Windows" Bash terminal
+mkdir -p ~/vimfiles/pack/git-plugins/start
+git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale.git ~/vimfiles/pack/git-plugins/start/ale
+```
+
+#### Generating Vim help files
+
+You can add the following line to your vimrc files to generate documentation
+tags automatically, if you don't have something similar already, so you can use
+the `:help` command to consult ALE's online documentation:
+
+```vim
+" Put these lines at the very end of your vimrc file.
+
+" Load all plugins now.
+" Plugins need to be added to runtimepath before helptags can be generated.
+packloadall
+" Load all of the helptags now, after plugins have been loaded.
+" All messages and errors will be ignored.
+silent! helptags ALL
+```
+
 <a name="installation-with-pathogen"></a>
 
-### 3.i. Installation with Pathogen
+### 3.ii. Installation with Pathogen
 
 To install this module with [Pathogen](https://github.com/tpope/vim-pathogen),
 you should clone this repository to your bundle directory, and ensure
@@ -167,70 +334,52 @@ You can run the following commands in your terminal to do so:
 
 ```bash
 cd ~/.vim/bundle
-git clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git
+git clone https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale.git
 ```
 
 <a name="installation-with-vundle"></a>
 
-### 3.ii. Installation with Vundle
+### 3.iii. Installation with Vundle
 
 You can install this plugin using [Vundle](https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim)
-by using the path on GitHub for this repository.
+by adding the GitHub path for this repository to your `~/.vimrc`:
 
 ```vim
-Plugin 'w0rp/ale'
+Plugin 'dense-analysis/ale'
 ```
 
+Then run the command `:PluginInstall` in Vim.
+
 See the Vundle documentation for more information.
 
-<a name="manual-installation"></a>
+<a name="installation-with-vim-plug"></a>
 
-### 3.iii. Manual Installation
+### 3.iiii. Installation with Vim-Plug
 
-For installation without a package manager, you can clone this git repository
-into a bundle directory as with pathogen, and add the repository to your
-runtime path yourself. First clone the repository.
-
-```bash
-cd ~/.vim/bundle
-git clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git
-```
-
-Then, modify your `~/.vimrc` file to add this plugin to your runtime path.
+You can install this plugin using [Vim-Plug](https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug)
+by adding the GitHub path for this repository to your `~/.vimrc`:
 
 ```vim
-set nocompatible
-filetype off
-
-let &runtimepath.=',~/.vim/bundle/ale'
-
-filetype plugin on
+Plug 'dense-analysis/ale'
 ```
 
-You can add the following line to generate documentation tags automatically,
-if you don't have something similar already, so you can use the `:help` command
-to consult ALE's online documentation:
+Then run the command `:PlugInstall` in Vim.
 
-```vim
-silent! helptags ALL
-```
-
-Because the author of this plugin is a weird nerd, this is his preferred
-installation method.
+See the Vim-Plug documentation for more information.
 
 <a name="contributing"></a>
 
 ## 4. Contributing
 
 If you would like to see support for more languages and tools, please
-[create an issue](https://github.com/w0rp/ale/issues)
-or [create a pull request](https://github.com/w0rp/ale/pulls).
+[create an issue](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale/issues)
+or [create a pull request](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale/pulls).
 If your tool can read from stdin or you have code to suggest which is good,
 support can be happily added for it.
 
 If you are interested in the general direction of the project, check out the
-[wiki home page](https://github.com/w0rp/ale/wiki). The wiki includes a
-Roadmap for the future, and more.
+[wiki home page](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale/wiki). The wiki includes
+a Roadmap for the future, and more.
 
 If you'd liked to discuss the project more directly, check out the `#vim-ale` channel
 on Freenode. Web chat is available [here](https://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=vim-ale).
@@ -243,12 +392,28 @@ on Freenode. Web chat is available [here](https://webchat.freenode.net/?channels
 
 ### 5.i. How do I disable particular linters?
 
-By default, all available tools for all supported languages will be run.
-If you want to only select a subset of the tools, simply create a
-`g:ale_linters` dictionary in your vimrc file mapping filetypes
-to lists of linters to run.
+By default, all available tools for all supported languages will be run. If you
+want to only select a subset of the tools, you can define `b:ale_linters` for a
+single buffer, or `g:ale_linters` globally.
+
+The recommended way to configure linters is to define a List in an ftplugin
+file.
 
 ```vim
+" In ~/.vim/ftplugin/javascript.vim, or somewhere similar.
+
+" Enable ESLint only for JavaScript.
+let b:ale_linters = ['eslint']
+
+" Equivalent to the above.
+let b:ale_linters = {'javascript': ['eslint']}
+```
+
+You can also declare which linters you want to run in your vimrc file, before or
+after ALE has been loaded.
+
+```vim
+" In ~/.vim/vimrc, or somewhere similar.
 let g:ale_linters = {
 \   'javascript': ['eslint'],
 \}
@@ -259,13 +424,68 @@ be run for those languages, just as when the dictionary is not defined.
 Running many linters should not typically obstruct editing in Vim,
 as they will all be executed in separate processes simultaneously.
 
+If you don't want ALE to run anything other than what you've explicitly asked
+for, you can set `g:ale_linters_explicit` to `1`.
+
+```vim
+" Only run linters named in ale_linters settings.
+let g:ale_linters_explicit = 1
+```
+
 This plugin will look for linters in the [`ale_linters`](ale_linters) directory.
 Each directory within corresponds to a particular filetype in Vim, and each file
 in each directory corresponds to the name of a particular linter.
 
+<a name="faq-get-info"></a>
+
+### 5.ii. How can I see what ALE has configured for the current file?
+
+Run the following to see what is currently configured:
+
+```vim
+:ALEInfo
+```
+
+<a name="faq-coc-nvim"></a>
+
+### 5.iii. How can I use ALE and coc.nvim together?
+
+[coc.nvim](https://github.com/neoclide/coc.nvim) is a popular Vim plugin written
+in TypeScript and dependent on the [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/) ecosystem for
+providing full IDE features to Vim. Both ALE and coc.nvim implement
+[Language Server Protocol](https://microsoft.github.io/language-server-protocol/)
+(LSP) clients for supporting diagnostics (linting with a live server), and other
+features like auto-completion, and others listed above.
+
+ALE is primarily focused on integrating with external programs through virtually
+any means, provided the plugin remains almost entirely written in Vim script.
+coc.nvim is primarily focused on bringing IDE features to Vim. If you want to
+run external programs on your files to check for errors, and also use the most
+advanced IDE features, you might want to use both plugins at the same time.
+
+The easiest way to get both plugins to work together is to configure coc.nvim to
+send diagnostics to ALE, so ALE controls how all problems are presented to you,
+and to disable all LSP features in ALE, so ALE doesn't try to provide LSP
+features already provided by coc.nvim, such as auto-completion.
+
+1. Open your coc.nvim configuration file with `:CocConfig` and add
+   `"diagnostic.displayByAle": true` to your settings.
+2. Add `let g:ale_disable_lsp = 1` to your vimrc file, before plugins are
+   loaded.
+
+You can also use `b:ale_disable_lsp` in your ftplugin files to enable or disable
+LSP features in ALE for different filetypes. After you configure coc.nvim and
+ALE this way, you can further configure how problems appear to you by using all
+of the settings mentioned in ALE's help file, including how often diagnostics
+are requested. See `:help ale-lint`.
+
+The integration between ALE and coc.nvim works using an API ALE offers for
+letting any other plugin integrate with ALE. If you are interested in writing a
+similar integration, see `:help ale-lint-other-sources`.
+
 <a name="faq-keep-signs"></a>
 
-### 5.ii. How can I keep the sign gutter open?
+### 5.iv. How can I keep the sign gutter open?
 
 You can keep the sign gutter open at all times by setting the
 `g:ale_sign_column_always` to 1
@@ -276,7 +496,7 @@ let g:ale_sign_column_always = 1
 
 <a name="faq-change-signs"></a>
 
-### 5.iii. How can I change the signs ALE uses?
+### 5.v. How can I change the signs ALE uses?
 
 Use these options to specify what text should be used for signs:
 
@@ -294,9 +514,35 @@ highlight clear ALEErrorSign
 highlight clear ALEWarningSign
 ```
 
+<a name="faq-change-highlights"></a>
+
+### 5.vi. How can I change or disable the highlights ALE uses?
+
+ALE's highlights problems with highlight groups which link to `SpellBad`,
+`SpellCap`, `error`, and `todo` groups by default. The characters that are
+highlighted depend on the linters being used, and the information provided to
+ALE.
+
+Highlighting can be disabled completely by setting `g:ale_set_highlights` to
+`0`.
+
+```vim
+" Set this in your vimrc file to disabling highlighting
+let g:ale_set_highlights = 0
+```
+
+You can control all of the highlights ALE uses, say if you are using a different
+color scheme which produces ugly highlights. For example:
+
+```vim
+highlight ALEWarning ctermbg=DarkMagenta
+```
+
+See `:help ale-highlights` for more information.
+
 <a name="faq-statusline"></a>
 
-### 5.iv. How can I show errors or warnings in my statusline?
+### 5.vii. How can I show errors or warnings in my statusline?
 
 [vim-airline](https://github.com/vim-airline/vim-airline) integrates with ALE
 for displaying error information in the status bar. If you want to see the
@@ -309,8 +555,16 @@ let g:airline#extensions#ale#enabled = 1
 ```
 
 If you don't want to use vim-airline, you can implement your own statusline
-function without adding any other plugins. ALE provides a function for counting
-the number of problems for this purpose, named `ale#statusline#Count`.
+function without adding any other plugins. ALE provides some functions to
+assist in this endeavour, including:
+
+* `ale#statusline#Count`: Which returns the number of problems found by ALE
+  for a specified buffer.
+* `ale#statusline#FirstProblem`: Which returns a dictionary containing the
+  full loclist details of the first problem of a specified type found by ALE
+  in a buffer. (e.g. The first style warning in the current buffer.)
+  This can be useful for displaying more detailed information such as the
+  line number of the first problem in a file.
 
 Say you want to display all errors as one figure, and all non-errors as another
 figure. You can do the following:
@@ -332,18 +586,30 @@ endfunction
 set statusline=%{LinterStatus()}
 ```
 
-See `:help ale#statusline#Count()` for more information.
+See `:help ale#statusline#Count()` or `:help ale#statusline#FirstProblem()`
+for more information.
+
+<a name="faq-lightline"></a>
+
+### 5.viii. How can I show errors or warnings in my lightline?
+
+[lightline](https://github.com/itchyny/lightline.vim) does not have built-in
+support for ALE, nevertheless there is a plugin that adds this functionality: [maximbaz/lightline-ale](https://github.com/maximbaz/lightline-ale).
+
+For more information, check out the sources of that plugin, `:help ale#statusline#Count()` and [lightline documentation](https://github.com/itchyny/lightline.vim#advanced-configuration).
 
 <a name="faq-echo-format"></a>
 
-### 5.v. How can I change the format for echo messages?
+### 5.ix. How can I change the format for echo messages?
 
 There are 3 global options that allow customizing the echoed message.
 
 - `g:ale_echo_msg_format` where:
     * `%s` is the error message itself
+    * `%...code...%` is an optional error code, and most characters can be
+      written between the `%` characters.
     * `%linter%` is the linter name
-    * `%severity` is the severity type
+    * `%severity%` is the severity type
 - `g:ale_echo_msg_error_str` is the string used for error severity.
 - `g:ale_echo_msg_warning_str` is the string used for warning severity.
 
@@ -357,26 +623,36 @@ let g:ale_echo_msg_format = '[%linter%] %s [%severity%]'
 
 Will give you:
 
-![Echoed message](img/echo.png)
+![Echoed message](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/3518142/59195927-348bd000-8b85-11e9-88b6-508a094f1548.png)
+
+See `:help g:ale_echo_msg_format` for more information.
 
 <a name="faq-autocmd"></a>
 
-### 5.vi. How can I execute some code when ALE stops linting?
+### 5.x. How can I execute some code when ALE starts or stops linting?
 
 ALE runs its own [autocmd](http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/autocmd.html)
-event whenever has a linter has been successfully executed and processed. This
-autocmd event can be used to call arbitrary functions after ALE stops linting.
+events when a lint or fix cycle are started and stopped. There is also an event
+that runs when a linter job has been successfully started. These events can be
+used to call arbitrary functions during these respective parts of the ALE's
+operation.
 
 ```vim
 augroup YourGroup
     autocmd!
-    autocmd User ALELint call YourFunction()
+    autocmd User ALELintPre    call YourFunction()
+    autocmd User ALELintPost   call YourFunction()
+
+    autocmd User ALEJobStarted call YourFunction()
+
+    autocmd User ALEFixPre     call YourFunction()
+    autocmd User ALEFixPost    call YourFunction()
 augroup END
 ```
 
 <a name="faq-navigation"></a>
 
-### 5.vii. How can I navigate between errors quickly?
+### 5.xi. How can I navigate between errors quickly?
 
 ALE offers some commands with `<Plug>` keybinds for moving between warnings and
 errors quickly. You can map the keys Ctrl+j and Ctrl+k to moving between errors
@@ -392,7 +668,7 @@ For more information, consult the online documentation with
 
 <a name="faq-lint-on-save"></a>
 
-### 5.viii. How can I run linters only when I save files?
+### 5.xii. How can I run linters only when I save files?
 
 ALE offers an option `g:ale_lint_on_save` for enabling running the linters
 when files are saved. This option is enabled by default. If you only
@@ -402,6 +678,7 @@ options off.
 ```vim
 " Write this in your vimrc file
 let g:ale_lint_on_text_changed = 'never'
+let g:ale_lint_on_insert_leave = 0
 " You can disable this option too
 " if you don't want linters to run on opening a file
 let g:ale_lint_on_enter = 0
@@ -412,7 +689,7 @@ files, you can set `g:ale_lint_on_save` to `0`.
 
 <a name="faq-quickfix"></a>
 
-### 5.ix. How can I use the quickfix list instead of the loclist?
+### 5.xiii. How can I use the quickfix list instead of the loclist?
 
 The quickfix list can be enabled by turning the `g:ale_set_quickfix`
 option on. If you wish to also disable the loclist, you can disable
@@ -437,9 +714,12 @@ let g:ale_open_list = 1
 let g:ale_keep_list_window_open = 1
 ```
 
+You can also set `let g:ale_list_vertical = 1` to open the windows vertically
+instead of the default horizontally.
+
 <a name="faq-jsx-stylelint-eslint"></a>
 
-### 5.x. How can I check JSX files with both stylelint and eslint?
+### 5.xiv. How can I check JSX files with both stylelint and eslint?
 
 If you configure ALE options correctly in your vimrc file, and install
 the right tools, you can check JSX files with stylelint and eslint.
@@ -458,11 +738,20 @@ augroup END
 ```
 
 Supposing the filetype has been set correctly, you can set the following
-options in your vimrc file:
+options in a jsx.vim ftplugin file.
 
 ```vim
+" In ~/.vim/ftplugin/jsx.vim, or somewhere similar.
+let b:ale_linter_aliases = ['css', 'javascript']
+let b:ale_linters = ['stylelint', 'eslint']
+```
+
+Or if you want, you can configure the linters from your vimrc file.
+
+```vim
+" In ~/.vim/vimrc, or somewhere similar.
+let g:ale_linter_aliases = {'jsx': ['css', 'javascript']}
 let g:ale_linters = {'jsx': ['stylelint', 'eslint']}
-let g:ale_linter_aliases = {'jsx': 'css'}
 ```
 
 ALE will alias the `jsx` filetype so it uses the `css` filetype linters, and
@@ -470,9 +759,40 @@ use the original Array of selected linters for `jsx` from the `g:ale_linters`
 object. All available linters will be used for the filetype `javascript`, and
 no linter will be run twice for the same file.
 
+<a name="faq-vue-eslint"></a>
+
+### 5.xv. How can I check Vue files with ESLint?
+
+To check Vue files with ESLint, your ESLint project configuration file must be
+configured to use the [Vue plugin](https://github.com/vuejs/eslint-plugin-vue).
+After that, you need to configure ALE so it will run the JavaScript ESLint
+linter on your files. The settings you need are similar to the settings needed
+for checking JSX code with both stylelint and ESLint, in the previous section.
+
+```vim
+" In ~/.vim/ftplugin/vue.vim, or somewhere similar.
+
+" Run both javascript and vue linters for vue files.
+let b:ale_linter_aliases = ['javascript', 'vue']
+" Select the eslint and vls linters.
+let b:ale_linters = ['eslint', 'vls']
+```
+
+Run `:ALEInfo` to see which linters are available after telling ALE to run
+JavaScript linters on Vue files. Not all linters support checking Vue files.
+
+If you don't want to configure your linters in ftplugin files for some reason,
+you can configure them from your vimrc file instead.
+
+```vim
+" In ~/.vim/vimrc, or somewhere similar.
+let g:ale_linter_aliases = {'vue': ['vue', 'javascript']}
+let g:ale_linters = {'vue': ['eslint', 'vls']}
+```
+
 <a name="faq-my-battery-is-sad"></a>
 
-### 5.xi. Will this plugin eat all of my laptop battery power?
+### 5.xvi. Will this plugin eat all of my laptop battery power?
 
 ALE takes advantage of the power of various tools to check your code. This of
 course means that CPU time will be used to continuously check your code. If you
@@ -485,12 +805,126 @@ while you type. ALE uses a timeout which is cancelled and reset every time you
 type, and this delay can be increased so linters are run less often. See
 `:help g:ale_lint_delay` for more information.
 
-If you don't wish to run linters while you type, you can disable that
-behaviour. Set `g:ale_lint_on_text_changed` to `never` or `normal`. You won't
-get as frequent error checking, but ALE shouldn't block your ability to edit a
-document after you save a file, so the asynchronous nature of the plugin will
-still be an advantage.
+If you don't wish to run linters while you type, you can disable that behavior.
+Set `g:ale_lint_on_text_changed` to `never`. You won't get as frequent error
+checking, but ALE shouldn't block your ability to edit a document after you save
+a file, so the asynchronous nature of the plugin will still be an advantage.
 
 If you are still concerned, you can turn the automatic linting off altogether,
 including the option `g:ale_lint_on_enter`, and you can run ALE manually with
 `:ALELint`.
+
+<a name="faq-c-configuration"></a>
+
+### 5.xvii. How can I configure my C or C++ project?
+
+The structure of C and C++ projects varies wildly from project to project, with
+many different build tools being used for building them, and many different
+formats for project configuration files. ALE can run compilers easily, but
+ALE cannot easily detect which compiler flags to use.
+
+Some tools and build configurations can generate
+[compile_commands.json](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/JSONCompilationDatabase.html)
+files. The `cppcheck`, `clangcheck`, `clangtidy` and `cquery` linters can read
+these files for automatically determining the appropriate compiler flags to
+use.
+
+For linting with compilers like `gcc` and `clang`, and with other tools, you
+will need to tell ALE which compiler flags to use yourself. You can use
+different options for different projects with the `g:ale_pattern_options`
+setting.  Consult the documentation for that setting for more information.
+`b:ale_linters` can be used to select which tools you want to run, say if you
+want to use only `gcc` for one project, and only `clang` for another.
+
+ALE will attempt to parse `compile_commands.json` files to discover compiler
+flags to use when linting code. See `:help g:ale_c_parse_compile_commands` for
+more information. See Clang's documentation for
+[compile_commands.json files](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/JSONCompilationDatabase.html).
+You should strongly consider generating them in your builds, which is easy to do
+with CMake.
+
+You can also configure ALE to automatically run `make -n` to run dry runs on
+`Makefile`s to discover compiler flags. This can execute arbitrary code, so the
+option is disabled by default. See `:help g:ale_c_parse_makefile`.
+
+You may also configure buffer-local settings for linters with project-specific
+vimrc files. [local_vimrc](https://github.com/LucHermitte/local_vimrc) can be
+used for executing local vimrc files which can be shared in your project.
+
+<a name="faq-buffer-configuration"></a>
+
+### 5.xviii. How can I configure ALE differently for different buffers?
+
+ALE offers various ways to configure which linters or fixers are run, and
+other settings. For the majority of ALE's settings, they can either be
+configured globally with a `g:` variable prefix, or for a specific buffer
+with a `b:` variable prefix. For example, you can configure a Python ftplugin
+file like so.
+
+```vim
+" In ~/.vim/ftplugin/python.vim
+
+" Check Python files with flake8 and pylint.
+let b:ale_linters = ['flake8', 'pylint']
+" Fix Python files with autopep8 and yapf.
+let b:ale_fixers = ['autopep8', 'yapf']
+" Disable warnings about trailing whitespace for Python files.
+let b:ale_warn_about_trailing_whitespace = 0
+```
+
+For configuring files based on regular expression patterns matched against the
+absolute path to a file, you can use `g:ale_pattern_options`.
+
+```vim
+" Do not lint or fix minified files.
+let g:ale_pattern_options = {
+\ '\.min\.js$': {'ale_linters': [], 'ale_fixers': []},
+\ '\.min\.css$': {'ale_linters': [], 'ale_fixers': []},
+\}
+" If you configure g:ale_pattern_options outside of vimrc, you need this.
+let g:ale_pattern_options_enabled = 1
+```
+
+Buffer-local variables for settings always override the global settings.
+
+<a name="faq-list-window-height"></a>
+
+### 5.xix. How can I configure the height of the list in which ALE displays errors?
+
+To set a default height for the error list, use the `g:ale_list_window_size` variable.
+
+```vim
+" Show 5 lines of errors (default: 10)
+let g:ale_list_window_size = 5
+```
+
+<a name="faq-vm"></a>
+
+### 5.xx. How can I run linters or fixers via Docker or a VM?
+
+ALE supports running linters or fixers via Docker, virtual machines, or in
+combination with any remote machine with a different file system, so long as the
+tools are well-integrated with ALE, and ALE is properly configured to run the
+correct commands and map filename paths between different file systems. See
+`:help ale-lint-other-machines` for the full documentation on how to configure
+ALE to support this.
+
+<a name="faq-window-borders"></a>
+
+### 5.xxi. How can I change the borders for floating preview windows?
+
+Borders for floating preview windows are enabled by default. You can use the
+`g:ale_floating_window_border` setting to configure them.
+
+You could disable the border with an empty list.
+
+```vim
+let g:ale_floating_window_border = []
+```
+
+If the terminal supports Unicode, you might try setting the value like below, to
+make it look nicer.
+
+```vim
+let g:ale_floating_window_border = ['│', '─', '╭', '╮', '╯', '╰']
+```

after/plugin/ale.vim

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-" Author: w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
-" Description: Follow-up checks for the plugin: warn about conflicting plugins.
-
-" A flag for ensuring that this is not run more than one time.
-if exists('g:loaded_ale_after')
-    finish
-endif
-
-" Set the flag so this file is not run more than one time.
-let g:loaded_ale_after = 1
-
-" Check if the flag is available and set to 0 to disable checking for and
-" emitting conflicting plugin warnings.
-if exists('g:ale_emit_conflict_warnings') && !g:ale_emit_conflict_warnings
-    finish
-endif
-
-" Conflicting Plugins Checks
-
-function! s:GetConflictingPluginWarning(plugin_name) abort
-    return 'ALE conflicts with ' . a:plugin_name
-    \   . '. Uninstall it, or disable this warning with '
-    \   . '`let g:ale_emit_conflict_warnings = 0` in your vimrc file, '
-    \   . '*before* plugins are loaded.'
-endfunction
-
-if exists('g:loaded_syntastic_plugin')
-    throw s:GetConflictingPluginWarning('Syntastic')
-endif
-
-if exists('g:loaded_neomake')
-    throw s:GetConflictingPluginWarning('Neomake')
-endif
-
-if exists('g:loaded_validator_plugin')
-    throw s:GetConflictingPluginWarning('Validator')
-endif

ale_linters/ada/adals.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+" Author: Bartek Jasicki http://github.com/thindil
+" Description: Support for Ada Language Server
+
+call ale#Set('ada_adals_executable', 'ada_language_server')
+call ale#Set('ada_adals_project', 'default.gpr')
+call ale#Set('ada_adals_encoding', 'utf-8')
+
+function! ale_linters#ada#adals#GetAdaLSConfig(buffer) abort
+    return {
+    \   'ada.projectFile': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'ada_adals_project'),
+    \   'ada.defaultCharset': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'ada_adals_encoding')
+    \}
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#ada#adals#GetRootDirectory(buffer) abort
+    return fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('ada', {
+\   'name': 'adals',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'ada_adals_executable')},
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#ada#adals#GetRootDirectory'),
+\   'lsp_config': function('ale_linters#ada#adals#GetAdaLSConfig')
+\})

ale_linters/ada/gcc.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+" Author: Martino Pilia <martino.pilia@gmail.com>
+" Description: Lint Ada files with GCC
+
+call ale#Set('ada_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
+
+" -gnatwa: activate most optional warnings
+" -gnatq: try semantic analysis even if syntax errors have been found
+call ale#Set('ada_gcc_options', '-gnatwa -gnatq')
+
+function! ale_linters#ada#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    " Build a suitable output file name. The output file is specified because
+    " the .ali file may be created even if no code generation is attempted.
+    " The output file name must match the source file name (except for the
+    " extension), so here we cannot use the null file as output.
+    let l:tmp_dir = fnamemodify(ale#command#CreateDirectory(a:buffer), ':p')
+    let l:out_file = l:tmp_dir . fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':t:r') . '.o'
+
+    " -gnatc: Check syntax and semantics only (no code generation attempted)
+    return '%e -x ada -c -gnatc'
+    \   . ' -o ' . ale#Escape(l:out_file)
+    \   . ' -I %s:h'
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'ada_gcc_options'))
+    \   . ' %t'
+endfunction
+
+" For the message format please refer to:
+"   https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gnat_ugn/Output-and-Error-Message-Control.html
+"   https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gnat_ugn/Warning-Message-Control.html
+function! ale_linters#ada#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    " Error format: <filename>:<lnum>:<col>: <text>
+    " Warning format: <filename>:<lnum>:<col>: warning: <text>
+    let l:re = '\v(.+):([0-9]+):([0-9]+):\s+(warning:)?\s*(.+)\s*'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:re)
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'bufnr': a:buffer,
+        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[2]),
+        \   'col': str2nr(l:match[3]),
+        \   'type': l:match[4] is# 'warning:' ? 'W' : 'E',
+        \   'text': l:match[5],
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('ada', {
+\   'name': 'gcc',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'ada_gcc_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#ada#gcc#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#ada#gcc#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/ansible/ansible_lint.vim

@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
-" Author: Bjorn Neergaard <bjorn@neersighted.com>
+" Authors: Bjorn Neergaard <bjorn@neersighted.com>, Vytautas Macionis <vytautas.macionis@manomail.de>
 " Description: ansible-lint for ansible-yaml files
 
-function! ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+call ale#Set('ansible_ansible_lint_executable', 'ansible-lint')
+
+function! ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'ansible_ansible_lint_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#Handle(buffer, version, lines) abort
     for l:line in a:lines[:10]
         if match(l:line, '^Traceback') >= 0
             return [{
@@ -12,37 +18,86 @@ function! ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
         endif
     endfor
 
-    " Matches patterns line the following:
-    "
-    " test.yml:35: [EANSIBLE0002] Trailing whitespace
-    let l:pattern = '\v^([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+):?(\d+)?: \[?([[:alnum:]]+)\]? (.*)$'
+    let l:version_group = ale#semver#GTE(a:version, [5, 0, 0]) ? '>=5.0.0' : '<5.0.0'
     let l:output = []
 
-    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
-        let l:code = l:match[4]
+    if '>=5.0.0' is# l:version_group
+        " Matches patterns line the following:
+        "      test.yml:3:148: syntax-check 'var' is not a valid attribute for a Play
+        "      roles/test/tasks/test.yml:8: [package-latest] [VERY_LOW] Package installs should not use latest
+        "      D:\test\tasks\test.yml:8: [package-latest] [VERY_LOW] package installs should not use latest
+        let l:pattern = '\v^(%([a-zA-Z]:)?[^:]+):(\d+):%((\d+):)? %(\[([-[:alnum:]]+)\]) %(\[([_[:alnum:]]+)\]) (.*)$'
+        let l:error_codes = { 'VERY_HIGH': 'E', 'HIGH': 'E', 'MEDIUM': 'W', 'LOW': 'W', 'VERY_LOW': 'W', 'INFO': 'I' }
 
-        if (l:code ==# 'EANSIBLE002')
-        \ && !ale#Var(a:buffer, 'warn_about_trailing_whitespace')
-            " Skip warnings for trailing whitespace if the option is off.
-            continue
-        endif
+        for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+            if ale#path#IsBufferPath(a:buffer, l:match[1])
+                call add(l:output, {
+                \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+                \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+                \   'text': l:match[6],
+                \   'code': l:match[4],
+                \   'type': l:error_codes[l:match[5]],
+                \})
+            endif
+        endfor
+    endif
 
-        if ale#path#IsBufferPath(a:buffer, l:match[1])
-            call add(l:output, {
-            \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
-            \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
-            \   'text': l:code . ': ' . l:match[5],
-            \   'type': l:code[:0] ==# 'E' ? 'E' : 'W',
-            \})
-        endif
-    endfor
+    if '<5.0.0' is# l:version_group
+        " Matches patterns line the following:
+        "      test.yml:35: [EANSIBLE0002] Trailing whitespace
+        let l:pattern = '\v^([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+):?(\d+)?: \[?([[:alnum:]]+)\]? (.*)$'
+
+        for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+            let l:code = l:match[4]
+
+            if l:code is# 'EANSIBLE0002'
+            \&& !ale#Var(a:buffer, 'warn_about_trailing_whitespace')
+                " Skip warnings for trailing whitespace if the option is off.
+                continue
+            endif
+
+            if ale#path#IsBufferPath(a:buffer, l:match[1])
+                call add(l:output, {
+                \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+                \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+                \   'text': l:match[5],
+                \   'code': l:code,
+                \   'type': l:code[:0] is# 'E' ? 'E' : 'W',
+                \})
+            endif
+        endfor
+    endif
 
     return l:output
 endfunction
 
+function! ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#GetCommand(buffer, version) abort
+    let l:commands = {
+    \   '>=5.0.0': '%e --parseable-severity -x yaml',
+    \   '<5.0.0': '%e -p %t'
+    \}
+    let l:command = ale#semver#GTE(a:version, [5, 0]) ? l:commands['>=5.0.0'] : l:commands['<5.0.0']
+
+    return l:command
+endfunction
+
 call ale#linter#Define('ansible', {
-\   'name': 'ansible',
-\   'executable': 'ansible',
-\   'command': 'ansible-lint -p %t',
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#Handle',
+\   'name': 'ansible_lint',
+\   'aliases': ['ansible', 'ansible-lint'],
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': {buffer -> ale#semver#RunWithVersionCheck(
+\       buffer,
+\       ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#GetExecutable(buffer),
+\       '%e --version',
+\       function('ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#GetCommand'),
+\   )},
+\   'callback': {buffer, lines -> ale#semver#RunWithVersionCheck(
+\       buffer,
+\       ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#GetExecutable(buffer),
+\       '%e --version',
+\       {buffer, version -> ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#Handle(
+\           buffer,
+\           l:version,
+\           lines)},
+\   )},
 \})

ale_linters/apiblueprint/drafter.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+" Author: nametake https://nametake.github.io
+" Description: apiblueprint parser
+
+function! ale_linters#apiblueprint#drafter#HandleErrors(buffer, lines) abort
+    " Matches patterns line the following:
+    "
+    " warning: (3)  unable to parse response signature, expected 'response [<HTTP status code>] [(<media type>)]'; line 4, column 3k - line 4, column 22
+    " warning: (10)  message-body asset is expected to be a pre-formatted code block, separate it by a newline and indent every of its line by 12 spaces or 3 tabs; line 30, column 5 - line 30, column 9; line 31, column 9 - line 31, column 14; line 32, column 9 - line 32, column 14
+    let l:pattern = '\(^.*\): (\d\+)  \(.\{-\}\); line \(\d\+\), column \(\d\+\) - line \d\+, column \d\+\(.*; line \d\+, column \d\+ - line \(\d\+\), column \(\d\+\)\)\{-\}$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines[2:], l:pattern)
+        let l:item = {
+        \   'type': l:match[1] is# 'warning' ? 'W' : 'E',
+        \   'text': l:match[2],
+        \   'lnum': l:match[3] + 0,
+        \   'col': l:match[4] + 0,
+        \}
+
+        if l:match[5] isnot# ''
+            let l:item.end_lnum = l:match[6] + 0
+            let l:item.end_col = l:match[7] + 0
+        endif
+
+        call add(l:output, l:item)
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+
+call ale#linter#Define('apiblueprint', {
+\   'name': 'drafter',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': 'drafter',
+\   'command': 'drafter --use-line-num --validate',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#apiblueprint#drafter#HandleErrors',
+\})

ale_linters/apkbuild/apkbuild_lint.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+" Author: Leo <thinkabit.ukim@gmail.com>
+" Description: apkbuild-lint from atools linter for APKBUILDs
+
+call ale#Set('apkbuild_apkbuild_lint_executable', 'apkbuild-lint')
+
+call ale#linter#Define('apkbuild', {
+\   'name': 'apkbuild_lint',
+\   'output_stream': 'stdout',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'apkbuild_apkbuild_lint_executable')},
+\   'command': '%e %t',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#atools#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/apkbuild/secfixes_check.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+" Author: Leo <thinkabit.ukim@gmail.com>
+" Description: secfixes-check from atools linter for APKBUILDs
+
+call ale#Set('apkbuild_secfixes_check_executable', 'secfixes-check')
+
+call ale#linter#Define('apkbuild', {
+\   'name': 'secfixes_check',
+\   'output_stream': 'stdout',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'apkbuild_secfixes_check_executable')},
+\   'command': '%e %t',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#atools#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/asciidoc/alex.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+" Author: Johannes Wienke <languitar@semipol.de>
+" Description: alex for asciidoc files
+
+call ale#handlers#alex#DefineLinter('asciidoc', '--text')

ale_linters/asciidoc/languagetool.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+" Author: Horacio Sanson (hsanson [ät] gmail.com)
+" Description: languagetool for asciidoc files, copied from markdown.
+
+
+call ale#handlers#languagetool#DefineLinter('asciidoc')

ale_linters/asciidoc/redpen.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: rhysd https://rhysd.github.io
+" Description: Redpen, a proofreading tool (http://redpen.cc)
+
+call ale#linter#Define('asciidoc', {
+\   'name': 'redpen',
+\   'executable': 'redpen',
+\   'command': 'redpen -f asciidoc -r json %t',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#redpen#HandleRedpenOutput',
+\})

ale_linters/asciidoc/textlint.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: TANIGUCHI Masaya <ta2gch@gmail.com>
+" Description: textlint for AsciiDoc files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('asciidoc', {
+\   'name': 'textlint',
+\   'executable': function('ale#handlers#textlint#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': function('ale#handlers#textlint#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#textlint#HandleTextlintOutput',
+\})

ale_linters/asciidoc/vale.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: Jeff Kreeftmeijer https://github.com/jeffkreeftmeijer
+" Description: vale for AsciiDoc files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('asciidoc', {
+\   'name': 'vale',
+\   'executable': 'vale',
+\   'command': 'vale --output=line %t',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsWarning',
+\})

ale_linters/asciidoc/writegood.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for AsciiDoc files
+
+call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('asciidoc')

ale_linters/asm/gcc.vim

@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 " Author: Lucas Kolstad <lkolstad@uw.edu>
 " Description: gcc linter for asm files
 
-let g:ale_asm_gcc_options = get(g:, 'ale_asm_gcc_options', '-Wall')
+call ale#Set('asm_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
+call ale#Set('asm_gcc_options', '-Wall')
 
 function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return 'gcc -x assembler -fsyntax-only '
-    \    . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \    . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_options') . ' -'
+    " `-o /dev/null` or `-o null` is needed to catch all errors,
+    " -fsyntax-only doesn't catch everything.
+    return '%e -x assembler'
+    \   . ' -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
+    \   . '-iquote %s:h'
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_options') . ' -'
 endfunction
 
 function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -27,7 +31,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('asm', {
 \    'name': 'gcc',
 \    'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\    'executable': 'gcc',
-\    'command_callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand',
+\    'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'asm_gcc_executable')},
+\    'command': function('ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand'),
 \    'callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#Handle',
 \})

ale_linters/awk/gawk.vim

@@ -1,26 +1,22 @@
 " Author: kmarc <korondi.mark@gmail.com>
 " Description: This file adds support for using GNU awk with sripts.
 
-let g:ale_awk_gawk_executable =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_awk_gawk_executable', 'gawk')
-
-let g:ale_awk_gawk_options =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_awk_gawk_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_executable')
-endfunction
+call ale#Set('awk_gawk_executable', 'gawk')
+call ale#Set('awk_gawk_options', '')
 
 function! ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_options')
-    \   . ' ' . '-f %t --lint /dev/null'
+    " note the --source 'BEGIN ...' is to prevent
+    " gawk from attempting to execute the body of the script
+    " it is linting.
+    return '%e --source ' . ale#Escape('BEGIN { exit } END { exit 1 }')
+    \   .  ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_options'))
+    \   . ' -f %t --lint /dev/null'
 endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('awk', {
 \   'name': 'gawk',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cpplint#HandleCppLintFormat',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'awk_gawk_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gawk#HandleGawkFormat',
 \   'output_stream': 'both'
 \})

ale_linters/bats/shellcheck.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+" Author: Ian2020 <https://github.com/Ian2020>
+" Description: shellcheck linter for bats scripts.
+
+call ale#handlers#shellcheck#DefineLinter('bats')

ale_linters/bib/bibclean.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+" Author: Horacio Sanson - https://github.com/hsanson
+" Description: Support for bibclean linter for BibTeX files.
+
+call ale#Set('bib_bibclean_executable', 'bibclean')
+
+function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'bib_bibclean_executable')
+
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable) . ' -file-position '
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#get_type(str) abort
+    if a:str is# '??'
+        return 'E'
+    else
+        return 'W'
+    endif
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_msg(line) abort
+    " Legacy message pattern works for bibclean <= v2.11.4. If empty, try
+    " the new message pattern for bibtex > v2.11.4
+    let l:matches_legacy = matchlist(a:line, '^\(.*\) "stdin", line \(\d\+\): \(.*\)$')
+
+    return ! empty(l:matches_legacy) ? l:matches_legacy
+    \ : matchlist(a:line, '^\(.*\) stdin:\(\d\+\):\(.*\)$')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_entry(line) abort
+    return matchlist(a:line, 'Entry   input byte=.* line=\(.*\) column=\(.*\) output .*$')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_value(line) abort
+    return matchlist(a:line, 'Value   input byte=.* line=\(.*\) column=\(.*\) output .*$')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    let l:output = []
+
+    let l:type = 'E'
+    let l:msg  = ''
+
+    for l:line in a:lines
+        if empty(l:msg)
+            let l:mlist = ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_msg(l:line)
+
+            if !empty(l:mlist)
+                let l:msg = l:mlist[3]
+                let l:type = ale_linters#bib#bibclean#get_type(l:mlist[1])
+            endif
+        else
+            if l:type is# 'E'
+                let l:mlist = ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_entry(l:line)
+            else
+                let l:mlist = ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_value(l:line)
+            endif
+
+            if !empty(l:mlist)
+                call add(l:output, {
+                \ 'lnum': l:mlist[1],
+                \ 'col': l:mlist[2],
+                \ 'text': l:msg,
+                \ 'type': l:type
+                \})
+
+                let l:msg = ''
+            endif
+        endif
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('bib', {
+\   'name': 'bibclean',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'bib_bibclean_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#bib#bibclean#GetCommand'),
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#bib#bibclean#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/c/cc.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+" Author: w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
+" Description: A C compiler linter for C files with gcc/clang, etc.
+
+call ale#Set('c_cc_executable', '<auto>')
+call ale#Set('c_cc_options', '-std=c11 -Wall')
+
+function! ale_linters#c#cc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cc_executable')
+
+    " Default to either clang or gcc.
+    if l:executable is# '<auto>'
+        if ale#engine#IsExecutable(a:buffer, 'clang')
+            let l:executable = 'clang'
+        else
+            let l:executable = 'gcc'
+        endif
+    endif
+
+    return l:executable
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#c#cc#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
+    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
+    let l:ale_flags = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cc_options')
+
+    if l:cflags =~# '-std='
+        let l:ale_flags = substitute(
+        \   l:ale_flags,
+        \   '-std=\(c\|gnu\)[0-9]\{2\}',
+        \   '',
+        \   'g')
+    endif
+
+    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
+    "  headers in the same directory.
+    "
+    " `-o /dev/null` or `-o null` is needed to catch all errors,
+    " -fsyntax-only doesn't catch everything.
+    return '%e -S -x c'
+    \   . ' -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
+    \   . ' -iquote %s:h'
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:ale_flags) . ' -'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('c', {
+\   'name': 'cc',
+\   'aliases': ['gcc', 'clang'],
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#c#cc#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#c#cc#GetCommand'))},
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\})

ale_linters/c/ccls.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+" Author: Ye Jingchen <ye.jingchen@gmail.com>, Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>, jtalowell <jtalowell@protonmail.com>
+" Description: A language server for C
+
+call ale#Set('c_ccls_executable', 'ccls')
+call ale#Set('c_ccls_init_options', {})
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
+
+call ale#linter#Define('c', {
+\   'name': 'ccls',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_ccls_executable')},
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'project_root': function('ale#handlers#ccls#GetProjectRoot'),
+\   'initialization_options': {b -> ale#handlers#ccls#GetInitOpts(b, 'c_ccls_init_options')},
+\})

ale_linters/c/clang.vim

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Masahiro H https://github.com/mshr-h
-" Description: clang linter for c files
-
-" Set this option to change the Clang options for warnings for C.
-if !exists('g:ale_c_clang_options')
-    " let g:ale_c_clang_options = '-Wall'
-    " let g:ale_c_clang_options = '-std=c99 -Wall'
-    " c11 compatible
-    let g:ale_c_clang_options = '-std=c11 -Wall'
-endif
-
-function! ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:paths = ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)
-
-    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
-    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return 'clang -S -x c -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
-    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(l:paths)
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_options') . ' -'
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('c', {
-\   'name': 'clang',
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': 'clang',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
-\})

ale_linters/c/clangd.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+" Author: Andrey Melentyev <andrey.melentyev@protonmail.com>
+" Description: Clangd language server
+
+call ale#Set('c_clangd_executable', 'clangd')
+call ale#Set('c_clangd_options', '')
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#c#clangd#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+
+    return '%e'
+    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangd_options'))
+    \    . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -compile-commands-dir=' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('c', {
+\   'name': 'clangd',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_clangd_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#c#clangd#GetCommand'),
+\   'project_root': function('ale#c#FindProjectRoot'),
+\})

ale_linters/c/clangtidy.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+" Author: vdeurzen <tim@kompiler.org>, w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>,
+" gagbo <gagbobada@gmail.com>, Andrej Radovic <r.andrej@gmail.com>
+" Description: clang-tidy linter for c files
+
+call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_executable', 'clang-tidy')
+" Set this option to check the checks clang-tidy will apply.
+" The number of checks that can be applied to C files is limited in contrast to
+" C++
+"
+" Consult the check list in clang-tidy's documentation:
+" http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/checks/list.html
+
+call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_checks', [])
+" Set this option to manually set some options for clang-tidy to use as compile
+" flags.
+" This will disable compile_commands.json detection.
+call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_options', '')
+" Set this option to manually set options for clang-tidy directly.
+call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_extra_options', '')
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
+    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_checks'), ',')
+    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+    let l:options = ''
+
+    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
+    if empty(l:build_dir)
+        let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_options')
+        let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
+        let l:options .= !empty(l:options) ? ale#Pad(l:cflags) : l:cflags
+    endif
+
+    " Get the options to pass directly to clang-tidy
+    let l:extra_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_extra_options')
+
+    return '%e'
+    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
+    \   . (!empty(l:extra_options) ? ' ' . ale#Escape(l:extra_options) : '')
+    \   . ' %s'
+    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' -- ' . l:options : '')
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('c', {
+\   'name': 'clangtidy',
+\   'output_stream': 'stdout',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_clangtidy_executable')},
+\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand'))},
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})

ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim

@@ -1,34 +1,29 @@
 " Author: Bart Libert <bart.libert@gmail.com>
 " Description: cppcheck linter for c files
 
-" Set this option to change the cppcheck options
-let g:ale_c_cppcheck_options = get(g:, 'ale_c_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')
+call ale#Set('c_cppcheck_executable', 'cppcheck')
+call ale#Set('c_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')
 
 function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
-    "
-    " If we find it, we'll `cd` to where the compile_commands.json file is,
-    " then use the file to set up import paths, etc.
-    let l:compile_commmands_path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
-
-    let l:cd_command = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
-    \   ? ale#path#CdString(fnamemodify(l:compile_commmands_path, ':h'))
-    \   : ''
-    let l:compile_commands_option = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
-    \   ? '--project=compile_commands.json '
+    let l:compile_commands_option = ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetCompileCommandsOptions(a:buffer)
+    let l:buffer_path_include = empty(l:compile_commands_option)
+    \   ? ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetBufferPathIncludeOptions(a:buffer)
     \   : ''
+    let l:template = ' --template=' . ale#Escape('{file}:{line}:{column}: {severity}:{inconclusive:inconclusive:} {message} [{id}]\\n{code}')
 
-    return l:cd_command
-    \   . 'cppcheck -q --language=c '
-    \   . l:compile_commands_option
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_options')
+    return '%e -q --language=c'
+    \   . l:template
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:compile_commands_option)
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_options'))
+    \   . l:buffer_path_include
     \   . ' %t'
 endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'cppcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'executable': 'cppcheck',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_cppcheck_executable')},
+\   'cwd': function('ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetCwd'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cppcheck#HandleCppCheckFormat',
 \})

ale_linters/c/cquery.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+" Author: Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>, jtalowell <jtalowell@protonmail.com>
+" Description: A language server for C
+
+call ale#Set('c_cquery_executable', 'cquery')
+call ale#Set('c_cquery_cache_directory', expand('~/.cache/cquery'))
+
+function! ale_linters#c#cquery#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    " Try to find cquery configuration files first.
+    let l:config = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.cquery')
+
+    if !empty(l:config)
+        return fnamemodify(l:config, ':h')
+    endif
+
+    " Fall back on default project root detection.
+    return ale#c#FindProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#c#cquery#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
+    return {'cacheDirectory': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cquery_cache_directory')}
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('c', {
+\   'name': 'cquery',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_cquery_executable')},
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#c#cquery#GetProjectRoot'),
+\   'initialization_options': function('ale_linters#c#cquery#GetInitializationOptions'),
+\})

ale_linters/c/flawfinder.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+" Author: Christian Gibbons <cgibbons@gmu.edu>
+" Description: flawfinder linter for c files
+
+call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_executable', 'flawfinder')
+call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_options', '')
+call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_minlevel', 1)
+call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_error_severity', 6)
+
+function! ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
+    let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_minlevel')
+
+    return '%e -CDQS'
+    \  . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_options'))
+    \  . l:minlevel
+    \  . ' %t'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('c', {
+\  'name': 'flawfinder',
+\  'output_stream': 'stdout',
+\  'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_flawfinder_executable')},
+\  'command': function('ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand'),
+\  'callback': 'ale#handlers#flawfinder#HandleFlawfinderFormat',
+\})

ale_linters/c/gcc.vim

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-" Author: w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
-" Description: gcc linter for c files
-
-" Set this option to change the GCC options for warnings for C.
-if !exists('g:ale_c_gcc_options')
-    " let g:ale_c_gcc_options = '-Wall'
-    " let g:ale_c_gcc_options = '-std=c99 -Wall'
-    " c11 compatible
-    let g:ale_c_gcc_options = '-std=c11 -Wall'
-endif
-
-function! ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:paths = ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)
-
-    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
-    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return 'gcc -S -x c -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
-    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(l:paths)
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_options') . ' -'
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('c', {
-\   'name': 'gcc',
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': 'gcc',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
-\})

ale_linters/chef/cookstyle.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+" Author: Raphael Hoegger - https://github.com/pfuender
+" Description: Cookstyle (RuboCop based), a code style analyzer for Ruby files
+
+call ale#Set('chef_cookstyle_executable', 'cookstyle')
+call ale#Set('chef_cookstyle_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#chef#cookstyle#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_cookstyle_options')
+
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(escape(l:options, '~')) . ' --force-exclusion --format json --stdin ' . ' %s'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#chef#cookstyle#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    if len(a:lines) == 0
+        return []
+    endif
+
+    let l:errors = ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines[0], {})
+
+    if !has_key(l:errors, 'summary')
+    \|| l:errors['summary']['offense_count'] == 0
+    \|| empty(l:errors['files'])
+        return []
+    endif
+
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:error in l:errors['files'][0]['offenses']
+        let l:start_col = str2nr(l:error['location']['start_column'])
+        let l:end_col = str2nr(l:error['location']['last_column'])
+
+        if !l:end_col
+            let l:end_col = l:start_col + 1
+        endif
+
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:error['location']['line']),
+        \   'col': l:start_col,
+        \   'end_col': l:end_col,
+        \   'code': l:error['cop_name'],
+        \   'text': l:error['message'],
+        \   'type': l:error['severity'] is? 'convention' ? 'W' : 'E',
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('chef', {
+\   'name': 'cookstyle',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'chef_cookstyle_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#chef#cookstyle#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#chef#cookstyle#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/chef/foodcritic.vim

@@ -1,24 +1,30 @@
 " Author: Edward Larkey <edwlarkey@mac.com>
 " Author: Jose Junior <jose.junior@gmail.com>
+" Author: w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
 " Description: This file adds the foodcritic linter for Chef files.
 
-" Support options!
-let g:ale_chef_foodcritic_options = get(g:, 'ale_chef_foodcritic_options', '')
-let g:ale_chef_foodcritic_executable = get(g:, 'ale_chef_foodcritic_executable', 'foodcritic')
+call ale#Set('chef_foodcritic_executable', 'foodcritic')
+call ale#Set('chef_foodcritic_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_foodcritic_options')
+
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(escape(l:options, '~')) . ' %s'
+endfunction
 
 function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     " Matches patterns line the following:
     "
     " FC002: Avoid string interpolation where not required: httpd.rb:13
-    let l:pattern = '^\(.\+:\s.\+\):\s\(.\+\):\(\d\+\)$'
+    let l:pattern = '\v([^:]+): (.+): ([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+)$'
     let l:output = []
 
     for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
-        let l:text = l:match[1]
-
         call add(l:output, {
-        \   'lnum': l:match[3] + 0,
-        \   'text': l:text,
+        \   'code': l:match[1],
+        \   'text': l:match[2],
+        \   'filename': l:match[3],
+        \   'lnum': l:match[4] + 0,
         \   'type': 'W',
         \})
     endfor
@@ -26,17 +32,10 @@ function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     return l:output
 endfunction
 
-function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return printf('%s %s %%t',
-    \   ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_foodcritic_executable'),
-    \   escape(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_foodcritic_options'), '~')
-    \)
-endfunction
-
-
 call ale#linter#Define('chef', {
 \   'name': 'foodcritic',
-\   'executable': 'foodcritic',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'chef_foodcritic_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#Handle',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
 \})

ale_linters/clojure/clj_kondo.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+" Author: Masashi Iizuka <liquidz.uo@gmail.com>
+" Description: linter for clojure using clj-kondo https://github.com/borkdude/clj-kondo
+
+function! ale_linters#clojure#clj_kondo#HandleCljKondoFormat(buffer, lines) abort
+    " output format
+    " <filename>:<line>:<column>: <issue type>: <message>
+    let l:pattern = '\v^[a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+:(\d+):(\d+):? ((Exception|error|warning): ?(.+))$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        let l:type = 'E'
+
+        if l:match[4] is? 'warning'
+            let l:type = 'W'
+        endif
+
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
+        \   'col': l:match[2] + 0,
+        \   'text': l:match[3],
+        \   'type': l:type,
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('clojure', {
+\   'name': 'clj-kondo',
+\   'output_stream': 'stdout',
+\   'executable': 'clj-kondo',
+\   'command': 'clj-kondo --cache --lint %t',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#clojure#clj_kondo#HandleCljKondoFormat',
+\})

ale_linters/clojure/joker.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+" Author: Nic West <nicwest@mailbox.org>
+" Description: linter for clojure using joker https://github.com/candid82/joker
+
+function! ale_linters#clojure#joker#HandleJokerFormat(buffer, lines) abort
+    " output format
+    " <filename>:<line>:<column>: <issue type>: <message>
+    let l:pattern = '\v^[a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+:(\d+):(\d+):? ((Read error|Parse error|Parse warning|Exception): ?(.+))$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        let l:type = 'E'
+
+        if l:match[4] is? 'Parse warning'
+            let l:type = 'W'
+        endif
+
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
+        \   'col': l:match[2] + 0,
+        \   'text': l:match[3],
+        \   'type': l:type,
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('clojure', {
+\   'name': 'joker',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': 'joker',
+\   'command': 'joker --working-dir %s --lint %t',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#clojure#joker#HandleJokerFormat',
+\})

ale_linters/cloudformation/cfn_python_lint.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+" Author: Yasuhiro Kiyota <yasuhiroki.duck@gmail.com>
+" Description: Support cfn-python-lint for AWS Cloudformation template file
+
+function! ale_linters#cloudformation#cfn_python_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    " Matches patterns line the following:
+    "
+    " sample.template.yaml:96:7:96:15:E3012:Property Resources/Sample/Properties/FromPort should be of type Integer
+    let l:pattern = '\v^(.*):(\d+):(\d+):(\d+):(\d+):([[:alnum:]]+):(.*)$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        let l:code = l:match[6]
+
+        if ale#path#IsBufferPath(a:buffer, l:match[1])
+            call add(l:output, {
+            \   'lnum': l:match[2],
+            \   'col': l:match[3],
+            \   'end_lnum': l:match[4],
+            \   'end_col': l:match[5],
+            \   'code': l:code,
+            \   'type': l:code[:0] is# 'E' ? 'E' : 'W',
+            \   'text': l:match[7]
+            \})
+        endif
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cloudformation', {
+\   'name': 'cloudformation',
+\   'aliases': ['cfn-lint'],
+\   'executable': 'cfn-lint',
+\   'command': 'cfn-lint --template %t --format parseable',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cloudformation#cfn_python_lint#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/cmake/cmakelint.vim

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('cmake', {
 \   'name': 'cmakelint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cmake#cmakelint#Executable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cmake#cmakelint#Command',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#cmake#cmakelint#Executable'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cmake#cmakelint#Command'),
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsWarning',
 \})

ale_linters/coffee/coffee.vim

@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('coffee', {
 \   'name': 'coffee',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffee#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffee#GetCommand',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#coffee#coffee#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#coffee#coffee#GetCommand'),
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})

ale_linters/coffee/coffeelint.vim

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ function! ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
         call add(l:output, {
         \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[1]),
-        \   'type': l:match[3] ==# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+        \   'type': l:match[3] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
         \   'text': l:match[4],
         \})
     endfor
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('coffee', {
 \   'name': 'coffeelint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#GetCommand',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#Handle',
 \})

ale_linters/cpp/cc.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+" Author: w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
+" Description: A C++ compiler linter for C++ files with gcc/clang, etc.
+
+call ale#Set('cpp_cc_executable', '<auto>')
+call ale#Set('cpp_cc_options', '-std=c++14 -Wall')
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#cc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cc_executable')
+
+    " Default to either clang++ or gcc.
+    if l:executable is# '<auto>'
+        if ale#engine#IsExecutable(a:buffer, 'clang++')
+            let l:executable = 'clang++'
+        else
+            let l:executable = 'gcc'
+        endif
+    endif
+
+    return l:executable
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#cc#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
+    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
+    let l:ale_flags = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cc_options')
+
+    if l:cflags =~# '-std='
+        let l:ale_flags = substitute(
+        \   l:ale_flags,
+        \   '-std=\(c\|gnu\)++[0-9]\{2\}',
+        \   '',
+        \   'g')
+    endif
+
+    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
+    "  headers in the same directory.
+    "
+    " `-o /dev/null` or `-o null` is needed to catch all errors,
+    " -fsyntax-only doesn't catch everything.
+    return '%e -S -x c++'
+    \   . ' -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
+    \   . ' -iquote %s:h'
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:ale_flags) . ' -'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
+\   'name': 'cc',
+\   'aliases': ['gcc', 'clang', 'g++', 'clang++'],
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#cpp#cc#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#cpp#cc#GetCommand'))},
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\})

ale_linters/cpp/ccls.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+" Author: Ye Jingchen <ye.jingchen@gmail.com>, Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>, jtalowell <jtalowell@protonmail.com>
+" Description: A language server for C++
+
+call ale#Set('cpp_ccls_executable', 'ccls')
+call ale#Set('cpp_ccls_init_options', {})
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
+\   'name': 'ccls',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_ccls_executable')},
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'project_root': function('ale#handlers#ccls#GetProjectRoot'),
+\   'initialization_options': {b -> ale#handlers#ccls#GetInitOpts(b, 'cpp_ccls_init_options')},
+\})

ale_linters/cpp/clang.vim

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Tomota Nakamura <https://github.com/tomotanakamura>
-" Description: clang linter for cpp files
-
-" Set this option to change the Clang options for warnings for CPP.
-if !exists('g:ale_cpp_clang_options')
-    let g:ale_cpp_clang_options = '-std=c++14 -Wall'
-endif
-
-function! ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:paths = ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)
-
-    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
-    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return 'clang++ -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
-    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(l:paths)
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_options') . ' -'
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
-\   'name': 'clang',
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': 'clang++',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
-\})

ale_linters/cpp/clangcheck.vim

@@ -1,37 +1,35 @@
 " Author: gagbo <gagbobada@gmail.com>
 " Description: clang-check linter for cpp files
 
-" Set this option to manually set some options for clang-check.
-let g:ale_cpp_clangcheck_options = get(g:, 'ale_cpp_clangcheck_options', '')
-
-" Set this option to manually point to the build directory for clang-tidy.
-" This will disable all the other clangtidy_options, since compilation
-" flags are contained in the json
-let g:ale_c_build_dir = get(g:, 'ale_c_build_dir', '')
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangcheck_executable', 'clang-check')
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangcheck_options', '')
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
 
 function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
     let l:user_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangcheck_options')
-    let l:extra_options = !empty(l:user_options)
-    \   ? l:user_options
-    \   : ''
 
     " Try to find compilation database to link automatically
-    let l:user_build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')
-    if empty(l:user_build_dir)
-        let l:user_build_dir = ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
-    endif
-    let l:build_options = !empty(l:user_build_dir)
-    \   ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:user_build_dir)
-    \   : ''
+    let l:build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')
 
-    return 'clang-check -analyze ' . '%s' . l:extra_options . l:build_options
+    if empty(l:build_dir)
+        let [l:root, l:json_file] = ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
+        let l:build_dir = ale#path#Dirname(l:json_file)
+    endif
+
+    " The extra arguments in the command are used to prevent .plist files from
+    " being generated. These are only added if no build directory can be
+    " detected.
+    return '%e -analyze %s'
+    \   . (empty(l:build_dir) ? ' --extra-arg=-Xclang --extra-arg=-analyzer-output=text --extra-arg=-fno-color-diagnostics': '')
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:user_options)
+    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
 endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clangcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': 'clang-check',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_clangcheck_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})

ale_linters/cpp/clangd.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+" Author: Andrey Melentyev <andrey.melentyev@protonmail.com>
+" Description: Clangd language server
+
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangd_executable', 'clangd')
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangd_options', '')
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clangd#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+
+    return '%e'
+    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangd_options'))
+    \    . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -compile-commands-dir=' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
+\   'name': 'clangd',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_clangd_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#clangd#GetCommand'),
+\   'project_root': function('ale#c#FindProjectRoot'),
+\})

ale_linters/cpp/clangtidy.vim

@@ -2,52 +2,52 @@
 " gagbo <gagbobada@gmail.com>
 " Description: clang-tidy linter for cpp files
 
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_executable', 'clang-tidy')
 " Set this option to check the checks clang-tidy will apply.
-let g:ale_cpp_clangtidy_checks = get(g:, 'ale_cpp_clangtidy_checks', ['*'])
-
-" Set this option to manually set some options for clang-tidy.
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_checks', [])
+" Set this option to manually set some options for clang-tidy to use as compile
+" flags.
 " This will disable compile_commands.json detection.
-let g:ale_cpp_clangtidy_options = get(g:, 'ale_cpp_clangtidy_options', '')
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_options', '')
+" Set this option to manually set options for clang-tidy directly.
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_extra_options', '')
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
 
-" Set this option to manually point to the build directory for clang-tidy.
-" This will disable all the other clangtidy_options, since compilation
-" flags are contained in the json
-let g:ale_c_build_dir = get(g:, 'ale_c_build_dir', '')
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
+    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_checks'), ',')
+    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+    let l:options = ''
 
+    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
+    if empty(l:build_dir)
+        let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_options')
+        let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
+        let l:options .= !empty(l:options) ? ale#Pad(l:cflags) : l:cflags
 
-function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:check_list = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_checks')
-    let l:check_option = !empty(l:check_list)
-    \   ? '-checks=' . ale#Escape(join(l:check_list, ',')) . ' '
-    \   : ''
-    let l:user_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_options')
-    let l:user_build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')
-
-    " c_build_dir has the priority if defined
-    if empty(l:user_build_dir)
-        let l:user_build_dir = ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
+        " Tell clang-tidy a .h header with a C++ filetype in Vim is a C++ file
+        " only when compile-commands.json file is not there. Adding these
+        " flags makes clang-tidy completely ignore compile commmands.
+        if expand('#' . a:buffer) =~# '\.h$'
+            let l:options .= !empty(l:options) ? ' -x c++' : '-x c++'
+        endif
     endif
 
-    " We check again if user_builddir stayed empty after the
-    " c_build_dir_names check
-    " If we found the compilation database we override the value of
-    " l:extra_options
-    if empty(l:user_build_dir)
-        let l:extra_options = !empty(l:user_options)
-        \   ? ' -- ' . l:user_options
-        \   : ''
-    else
-        let l:extra_options = ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:user_build_dir)
-    endif
+    " Get the options to pass directly to clang-tidy
+    let l:extra_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_extra_options')
 
-    return 'clang-tidy ' . l:check_option . '%s' . l:extra_options
+    return '%e'
+    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
+    \   . (!empty(l:extra_options) ? ' ' . ale#Escape(l:extra_options) : '')
+    \   . ' %s'
+    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' -- ' . l:options : '')
 endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clangtidy',
 \   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable': 'clang-tidy',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_clangtidy_executable')},
+\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand'))},
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})

ale_linters/cpp/clazy.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+" Description: clazy linter for cpp files (clang-based and Qt-oriented)
+
+call ale#Set('cpp_clazy_executable', 'clazy-standalone')
+" Set this option to check the checks clazy will apply.
+call ale#Set('cpp_clazy_checks', ['level1'])
+" Set this option to manually set some options for clazy.
+" This will disable compile_commands.json detection.
+call ale#Set('cpp_clazy_options', '')
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clazy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clazy_checks'), ',')
+    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+
+    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clazy_options')
+
+    return '%e'
+    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
+    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' %s'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
+\   'name': 'clazy',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_clazy_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#clazy#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})

ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim

@@ -1,34 +1,29 @@
 " Author: Bart Libert <bart.libert@gmail.com>
 " Description: cppcheck linter for cpp files
 
-" Set this option to change the cppcheck options
-let g:ale_cpp_cppcheck_options = get(g:, 'ale_cpp_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')
+call ale#Set('cpp_cppcheck_executable', 'cppcheck')
+call ale#Set('cpp_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')
 
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
-    "
-    " If we find it, we'll `cd` to where the compile_commands.json file is,
-    " then use the file to set up import paths, etc.
-    let l:compile_commmands_path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
-
-    let l:cd_command = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
-    \   ? ale#path#CdString(fnamemodify(l:compile_commmands_path, ':h'))
-    \   : ''
-    let l:compile_commands_option = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
-    \   ? '--project=compile_commands.json '
+    let l:compile_commands_option = ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetCompileCommandsOptions(a:buffer)
+    let l:buffer_path_include = empty(l:compile_commands_option)
+    \   ? ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetBufferPathIncludeOptions(a:buffer)
     \   : ''
+    let l:template = ' --template=' . ale#Escape('{file}:{line}:{column}: {severity}:{inconclusive:inconclusive:} {message} [{id}]\\n{code}')
 
-    return l:cd_command
-    \   . 'cppcheck -q --language=c++ '
-    \   . l:compile_commands_option
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_options')
+    return '%e -q --language=c++'
+    \   . l:template
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:compile_commands_option)
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_options'))
+    \   . l:buffer_path_include
     \   . ' %t'
 endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cppcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'executable': 'cppcheck',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_cppcheck_executable')},
+\   'cwd': function('ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetCwd'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cppcheck#HandleCppCheckFormat',
 \})

ale_linters/cpp/cpplint.vim

@@ -1,15 +1,20 @@
 " Author: Dawid Kurek https://github.com/dawikur
 " Description: cpplint for cpp files
 
-if !exists('g:ale_cpp_cpplint_options')
-    let g:ale_cpp_cpplint_options = ''
-endif
+call ale#Set('cpp_cpplint_executable', 'cpplint')
+call ale#Set('cpp_cpplint_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cpplint_options')
+
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' %s'
+endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cpplint',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': 'cpplint',
-\   'command': 'cpplint %s',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_cpplint_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cpplint#HandleCppLintFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})

ale_linters/cpp/cquery.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+" Author: Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>
+" Description: A language server for C++
+
+call ale#Set('cpp_cquery_executable', 'cquery')
+call ale#Set('cpp_cquery_cache_directory', expand('~/.cache/cquery'))
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    " Try to find cquery configuration files first.
+    let l:config = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.cquery')
+
+    if !empty(l:config)
+        return fnamemodify(l:config, ':h')
+    endif
+
+    " Fall back on default project root detection.
+    return ale#c#FindProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
+    return {'cacheDirectory': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cquery_cache_directory')}
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
+\   'name': 'cquery',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_cquery_executable')},
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetProjectRoot'),
+\   'initialization_options': function('ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetInitializationOptions'),
+\})

ale_linters/cpp/flawfinder.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+" Author: Christian Gibbons <cgibbons@gmu.edu>
+" Description: flawfinder linter for c++ files
+
+call ale#Set('cpp_flawfinder_executable', 'flawfinder')
+call ale#Set('cpp_flawfinder_options', '')
+call ale#Set('cpp_flawfinder_minlevel', 1)
+call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_error_severity', 6)
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
+    let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_minlevel')
+
+    return '%e -CDQS'
+    \  . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_options')
+    \  . l:minlevel
+    \  . ' %t'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
+\  'name': 'flawfinder',
+\  'output_stream': 'stdout',
+\  'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_flawfinder_executable')},
+\  'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand'),
+\  'callback': 'ale#handlers#flawfinder#HandleFlawfinderFormat',
+\})

ale_linters/cpp/gcc.vim

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-" Author: geam <mdelage@student.42.fr>
-" Description: gcc linter for cpp files
-
-" Set this option to change the GCC options for warnings for C.
-if !exists('g:ale_cpp_gcc_options')
-    let s:version = ale#handlers#gcc#ParseGCCVersion(systemlist('gcc --version'))
-
-    if !empty(s:version) && ale#semver#GreaterOrEqual(s:version, [4, 9, 0])
-        " Use c++14 support in 4.9 and above.
-        let g:ale_cpp_gcc_options = '-std=c++14 -Wall'
-    else
-        " Use c++1y in older versions.
-        let g:ale_cpp_gcc_options = '-std=c++1y -Wall'
-    endif
-
-    unlet! s:version
-endif
-
-function! ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:paths = ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)
-
-    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
-    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return 'gcc -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
-    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(l:paths)
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_options') . ' -'
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
-\   'name': 'g++',
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': 'g++',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
-\})

ale_linters/crystal/ameba.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+" Author: Harrison Bachrach - https://github.com/HarrisonB
+" Description: Ameba, a linter for crystal files
+
+call ale#Set('crystal_ameba_executable', 'bin/ameba')
+
+function! ale_linters#crystal#ameba#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'crystal_ameba_executable')
+
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . ' --format json '
+    \   .  ale#Escape(expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p'))
+endfunction
+
+" Handle output from ameba
+function! ale_linters#crystal#ameba#HandleAmebaOutput(buffer, lines) abort
+    if len(a:lines) == 0
+        return []
+    endif
+
+    let l:errors = ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines[0], {})
+
+    if !has_key(l:errors, 'summary')
+    \|| l:errors['summary']['issues_count'] == 0
+    \|| empty(l:errors['sources'])
+        return []
+    endif
+
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:error in l:errors['sources'][0]['issues']
+        let l:start_col = str2nr(l:error['location']['column'])
+        let l:end_col = str2nr(l:error['end_location']['column'])
+
+        if !l:end_col
+            let l:end_col = l:start_col + 1
+        endif
+
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:error['location']['line']),
+        \   'col': l:start_col,
+        \   'end_col': l:end_col,
+        \   'code': l:error['rule_name'],
+        \   'text': l:error['message'],
+        \   'type': 'W',
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('crystal', {
+\   'name': 'ameba',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'crystal_ameba_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#crystal#ameba#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#crystal#ameba#HandleAmebaOutput',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})

ale_linters/crystal/crystal.vim

@@ -4,31 +4,25 @@
 function! ale_linters#crystal#crystal#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     let l:output = []
 
-    let l:lines = join(a:lines, '')
+    for l:error in ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines, [])
+        if !has_key(l:error, 'file')
+            continue
+        endif
 
-    if !empty(l:lines)
-      let l:errors = json_decode(l:lines)
-
-      for l:error in l:errors
-          call add(l:output, {
-          \   'bufnr': a:buffer,
-          \   'lnum': l:error.line + 0,
-          \   'col': l:error.column + 0,
-          \   'text': l:error.message,
-          \   'type': 'E',
-          \})
-      endfor
-    endif
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'lnum': l:error.line + 0,
+        \   'col': l:error.column + 0,
+        \   'text': l:error.message,
+        \})
+    endfor
 
     return l:output
 endfunction
 
 function! ale_linters#crystal#crystal#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:crystal_cmd = 'crystal build -f json --no-codegen --no-color -o '
-    let l:crystal_cmd .= ale#Escape(g:ale#util#nul_file)
-    let l:crystal_cmd .= ' %s'
-
-    return l:crystal_cmd
+    return 'crystal build -f json --no-codegen --no-color -o '
+    \   . ale#Escape(g:ale#util#nul_file)
+    \   . ' %s'
 endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('crystal', {
@@ -36,6 +30,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('crystal', {
 \   'executable': 'crystal',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#crystal#crystal#GetCommand',
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#crystal#crystal#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#crystal#crystal#Handle',
 \})

ale_linters/cs/csc.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+call ale#Set('cs_csc_options', '')
+call ale#Set('cs_csc_source', '')
+call ale#Set('cs_csc_assembly_path', [])
+call ale#Set('cs_csc_assemblies', [])
+
+function! ale_linters#cs#csc#GetCwd(buffer) abort
+    let l:cwd = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_csc_source')
+
+    return !empty(l:cwd) ? l:cwd : expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cs#csc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    " Pass assembly paths via the -lib: parameter.
+    let l:path_list = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_csc_assembly_path')
+
+    let l:lib_option = !empty(l:path_list)
+    \   ? '/lib:' . join(map(copy(l:path_list), 'ale#Escape(v:val)'), ',')
+    \   : ''
+
+    " Pass paths to DLL files via the -r: parameter.
+    let l:assembly_list = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_csc_assemblies')
+
+    let l:r_option = !empty(l:assembly_list)
+    \   ? '/r:' . join(map(copy(l:assembly_list), 'ale#Escape(v:val)'), ',')
+    \   : ''
+
+    " register temporary module target file with ale
+    " register temporary module target file with ALE.
+    let l:out = ale#command#CreateFile(a:buffer)
+
+    " The code is compiled as a module and the output is redirected to a
+    " temporary file.
+    return 'csc /unsafe'
+    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_csc_options'))
+    \    . ale#Pad(l:lib_option)
+    \    . ale#Pad(l:r_option)
+    \    . ' /out:' . l:out
+    \    . ' /t:module'
+    \    . ' /recurse:' . ale#Escape('*.cs')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cs#csc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    " Look for lines like the following.
+    "
+    " Tests.cs(12,29): error CSXXXX: ; expected
+    "
+    " NOTE: pattern also captures file name as linter compiles all
+    " files within the source tree rooted at the specified source
+    " path and not just the file loaded in the buffer
+    let l:patterns = [
+    \    '^\v(.+\.cs)\((\d+),(\d+)\)\:\s+([^ ]+)\s+([cC][sS][^ ]+):\s(.+)$',
+    \    '^\v([^ ]+)\s+([Cc][sS][^ ]+):\s+(.+)$',
+    \]
+    let l:output = []
+    let l:dir = ale_linters#cs#csc#GetCwd(a:buffer)
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:patterns)
+        if len(l:match) > 6 && strlen(l:match[5]) > 2 && l:match[5][:1] is? 'CS'
+            call add(l:output, {
+            \   'filename': ale#path#GetAbsPath(l:dir, l:match[1]),
+            \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+            \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+            \   'type': l:match[4] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+            \   'code': l:match[5],
+            \   'text': l:match[6] ,
+            \})
+        elseif strlen(l:match[2]) > 2 && l:match[2][:1] is? 'CS'
+            call add(l:output, {
+            \   'filename':'<csc>',
+            \   'lnum': -1,
+            \   'col': -1,
+            \   'type': l:match[1] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+            \   'code': l:match[2],
+            \   'text': l:match[3],
+            \})
+        endif
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cs',{
+\   'name': 'csc',
+\   'output_stream': 'stdout',
+\   'executable': 'csc',
+\   'cwd': function('ale_linters#cs#csc#GetCwd'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cs#csc#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cs#csc#Handle',
+\   'lint_file': 1
+\})

ale_linters/cs/mcs.vim

@@ -1,22 +1,27 @@
 let g:ale_cs_mcs_options = get(g:, 'ale_cs_mcs_options', '')
 
 function! ale_linters#cs#mcs#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return 'mcs -unsafe --parse ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcs_options') . ' %t'
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcs_options')
+
+    return 'mcs -unsafe --parse'
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' %t'
 endfunction
 
 function! ale_linters#cs#mcs#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     " Look for lines like the following.
     "
     " Tests.cs(12,29): error CSXXXX: ; expected
-    let l:pattern = '^.\+.cs(\(\d\+\),\(\d\+\)): \(.\+\): \(.\+\)'
+    let l:pattern = '^\v(.+\.cs)\((\d+),(\d+)\)\: ([^ ]+) ([^ ]+): (.+)$'
     let l:output = []
 
     for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
         call add(l:output, {
-        \   'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
-        \   'col': l:match[2] + 0,
-        \   'text': l:match[3] . ': ' . l:match[4],
-        \   'type': l:match[3] =~# '^error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+        \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+        \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+        \   'type': l:match[4] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+        \   'code': l:match[5],
+        \   'text': l:match[6],
         \})
     endfor
 
@@ -27,6 +32,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('cs',{
 \   'name': 'mcs',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'mcs',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cs#mcs#GetCommand',
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cs#mcs#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#cs#mcs#Handle',
 \})

ale_linters/cs/mcsc.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+call ale#Set('cs_mcsc_options', '')
+call ale#Set('cs_mcsc_source', '')
+call ale#Set('cs_mcsc_assembly_path', [])
+call ale#Set('cs_mcsc_assemblies', [])
+
+function! ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCwd(buffer) abort
+    let l:cwd = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_source')
+
+    return !empty(l:cwd) ? l:cwd : expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    " Pass assembly paths via the -lib: parameter.
+    let l:path_list = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_assembly_path')
+
+    let l:lib_option = !empty(l:path_list)
+    \   ? '-lib:' . join(map(copy(l:path_list), 'ale#Escape(v:val)'), ',')
+    \   : ''
+
+    " Pass paths to DLL files via the -r: parameter.
+    let l:assembly_list = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_assemblies')
+
+    let l:r_option = !empty(l:assembly_list)
+    \   ? '-r:' . join(map(copy(l:assembly_list), 'ale#Escape(v:val)'), ',')
+    \   : ''
+
+    " register temporary module target file with ale
+    " register temporary module target file with ALE.
+    let l:out = ale#command#CreateFile(a:buffer)
+
+    " The code is compiled as a module and the output is redirected to a
+    " temporary file.
+    return 'mcs -unsafe'
+    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_options'))
+    \    . ale#Pad(l:lib_option)
+    \    . ale#Pad(l:r_option)
+    \    . ' -out:' . l:out
+    \    . ' -t:module'
+    \    . ' -recurse:' . ale#Escape('*.cs')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cs#mcsc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    " Look for lines like the following.
+    "
+    " Tests.cs(12,29): error CSXXXX: ; expected
+    "
+    " NOTE: pattern also captures file name as linter compiles all
+    " files within the source tree rooted at the specified source
+    " path and not just the file loaded in the buffer
+    let l:patterns = [
+    \    '^\v(.+\.cs)\((\d+),(\d+)\)\:\s+([^ ]+)\s+([cC][sS][^ ]+):\s(.+)$',
+    \    '^\v([^ ]+)\s+([Cc][sS][^ ]+):\s+(.+)$',
+    \]
+    let l:output = []
+
+    let l:dir = ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCwd(a:buffer)
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:patterns)
+        if len(l:match) > 6 && strlen(l:match[5]) > 2 && l:match[5][:1] is? 'CS'
+            call add(l:output, {
+            \   'filename': ale#path#GetAbsPath(l:dir, l:match[1]),
+            \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+            \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+            \   'type': l:match[4] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+            \   'code': l:match[5],
+            \   'text': l:match[6] ,
+            \})
+        elseif strlen(l:match[2]) > 2 && l:match[2][:1] is? 'CS'
+            call add(l:output, {
+            \   'filename':'<mcs>',
+            \   'lnum': -1,
+            \   'col': -1,
+            \   'type': l:match[1] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+            \   'code': l:match[2],
+            \   'text': l:match[3],
+            \})
+        endif
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cs',{
+\   'name': 'mcsc',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': 'mcs',
+\   'cwd': function('ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCwd'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cs#mcsc#Handle',
+\   'lint_file': 1
+\})

ale_linters/css/csslint.vim

@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('css', {
 \   'name': 'csslint',
 \   'executable': 'csslint',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#css#csslint#GetCommand',
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#css#csslint#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#css#HandleCSSLintFormat',
 \})

ale_linters/css/fecs.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: harttle <yangjvn@126.com>
+" Description: fecs for CSS files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('css', {
+\   'name': 'fecs',
+\   'executable': function('ale#handlers#fecs#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': function('ale#handlers#fecs#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#fecs#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/css/stylelint.vim

@@ -2,23 +2,18 @@
 
 call ale#Set('css_stylelint_executable', 'stylelint')
 call ale#Set('css_stylelint_options', '')
-call ale#Set('css_stylelint_use_global', 0)
-
-function! ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
-    \])
-endfunction
+call ale#Set('css_stylelint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
 
 function! ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint_options')
+    return '%e ' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint_options'))
     \   . ' --stdin-filename %s'
 endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('css', {
 \   'name': 'stylelint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#node#FindExecutable(b, 'css_stylelint', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
+\   ])},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#css#HandleStyleLintFormat',
 \})

ale_linters/cucumber/cucumber.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+" Author: Eddie Lebow https://github.com/elebow
+" Description: Cucumber, a BDD test tool
+
+function! ale_linters#cucumber#cucumber#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:features_dir = ale#path#FindNearestDirectory(a:buffer, 'features')
+
+    if !empty(l:features_dir)
+        let l:features_arg = '-r ' . ale#Escape(l:features_dir)
+    else
+        let l:features_arg = ''
+    endif
+
+    return 'cucumber --dry-run --quiet --strict --format=json '
+    \   . l:features_arg . ' %t'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cucumber#cucumber#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    try
+        let l:json = ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines, {})[0]
+    catch
+        return []
+    endtry
+
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:element in get(l:json, 'elements', [])
+        for l:step in l:element['steps']
+            if l:step['result']['status'] is# 'undefined'
+                call add(l:output, {
+                \   'lnum': l:step['line'],
+                \   'code': 'E',
+                \   'text': 'Undefined step'
+                \})
+            endif
+        endfor
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cucumber', {
+\   'name': 'cucumber',
+\   'executable': 'cucumber',
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cucumber#cucumber#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cucumber#cucumber#Handle'
+\})

ale_linters/cuda/nvcc.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+" Author: blahgeek <i@blahgeek.com>
+" Description: NVCC linter for cuda files
+
+call ale#Set('cuda_nvcc_executable', 'nvcc')
+call ale#Set('cuda_nvcc_options', '-std=c++11')
+
+function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return '%e -cuda'
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#c#IncludeOptions(ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)))
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_options'))
+    \   . ' %s -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat(buffer, lines) abort
+    " Look for lines like the following.
+    "
+    " test.cu(8): error: argument of type "void *" is incompatible with parameter of type "int *"
+    let l:pattern = '\v^([^:\(\)]+):?\(?(\d+)\)?:(\d+)?:?\s*\w*\s*(error|warning): (.+)$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        let l:item = {
+        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[2]),
+        \   'type': l:match[4] =~# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+        \   'text': l:match[5],
+        \   'filename': fnamemodify(l:match[1], ':p'),
+        \}
+
+        if !empty(l:match[3])
+            let l:item.col = str2nr(l:match[3])
+        endif
+
+        call add(l:output, l:item)
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cuda', {
+\   'name': 'nvcc',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cuda_nvcc_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})

ale_linters/cypher/cypher_lint.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+" Author: Francisco Lopes <francisco@oblita.com>
+" Description: Linting for Neo4j's Cypher
+
+function! ale_linters#cypher#cypher_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    let l:pattern = '\v^([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+):(\d+): (.*)$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+        \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+        \   'text': l:match[4],
+        \   'type': 'E',
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cypher', {
+\   'name': 'cypher_lint',
+\   'executable': 'cypher-lint',
+\   'command': 'cypher-lint',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cypher#cypher_lint#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/d/dls.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+" Author: aurieh <me@aurieh.me>
+" Description: A Language Server implementation for D
+
+call ale#Set('d_dls_executable', 'dls')
+
+function! ale_linters#d#dls#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'd_dls_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#d#dls#FindProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    " Note: this will return . if dub config is empty
+    " dls can run outside DUB projects just fine
+    return fnamemodify(ale#d#FindDUBConfig(a:buffer), ':h')
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('d', {
+\   'name': 'dls',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#d#dls#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#d#dls#GetExecutable'),
+\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#d#dls#FindProjectRoot'),
+\})

ale_linters/d/dmd.vim

@@ -1,41 +1,40 @@
 " Author: w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
 " Description: "dmd for D files"
 
-function! s:FindDUBConfig(buffer) abort
-    " Find a DUB configuration file in ancestor paths.
-    " The most DUB-specific names will be tried first.
-    for l:possible_filename in ['dub.sdl', 'dub.json', 'package.json']
-        let l:dub_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, l:possible_filename)
-
-        if !empty(l:dub_file)
-            return l:dub_file
-        endif
-    endfor
-
-    return ''
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#d#dmd#DUBCommand(buffer) abort
+function! s:GetDUBCommand(buffer) abort
     " If we can't run dub, then skip this command.
-    if !executable('dub')
+    if executable('dub')
         " Returning an empty string skips to the DMD command.
-        return ''
+        let l:config = ale#d#FindDUBConfig(a:buffer)
+
+        " To support older dub versions, we just change the directory to the
+        " directory where we found the dub config, and then run `dub describe`
+        " from that directory.
+        if !empty(l:config)
+            return [fnamemodify(l:config, ':h'), 'dub describe --import-paths']
+        endif
     endif
 
-    let l:dub_file = s:FindDUBConfig(a:buffer)
-
-    if empty(l:dub_file)
-        return ''
-    endif
-
-    " To support older dub versions, we just change the directory to
-    " the directory where we found the dub config, and then run `dub describe`
-    " from that directory.
-    return 'cd ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(l:dub_file, ':h'))
-    \   . ' && dub describe --import-paths'
+    return ['', '']
 endfunction
 
-function! ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand(buffer, dub_output) abort
+function! ale_linters#d#dmd#RunDUBCommand(buffer) abort
+    let [l:cwd, l:command] = s:GetDUBCommand(a:buffer)
+
+    if empty(l:command)
+        " If we can't run DUB, just run DMD.
+        return ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand(a:buffer, [], {})
+    endif
+
+    return ale#command#Run(
+    \   a:buffer,
+    \   l:command,
+    \   function('ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand'),
+    \   {'cwd': l:cwd},
+    \)
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand(buffer, dub_output, meta) abort
     let l:import_list = []
 
     " Build a list of import paths generated from DUB, if available.
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ function! ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand(buffer, dub_output) abort
         endif
     endfor
 
-    return 'dmd '. join(l:import_list) . ' -o- -vcolumns -c %t'
+    return 'dmd '. join(l:import_list) . ' -o- -wi -vcolumns -c %t'
 endfunction
 
 function! ale_linters#d#dmd#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ function! ale_linters#d#dmd#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
         call add(l:output, {
         \   'lnum': l:match[1],
         \   'col': l:match[2],
-        \   'type': l:match[3] ==# 'Warning' ? 'W' : 'E',
+        \   'type': l:match[3] is# 'Warning' ? 'W' : 'E',
         \   'text': l:match[4],
         \})
     endfor
@@ -71,9 +70,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('d', {
 \   'name': 'dmd',
 \   'executable': 'dmd',
-\   'command_chain': [
-\       {'callback': 'ale_linters#d#dmd#DUBCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
-\       {'callback': 'ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand', 'output_stream': 'stderr'},
-\   ],
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#d#dmd#RunDUBCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#d#dmd#Handle',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \})

ale_linters/dafny/dafny.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+" Author: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
+
+function! ale_linters#dafny#dafny#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    let l:pattern = '\v(.*)\((\d+),(\d+)\): (.*): (.*)'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \    'filename': l:match[1],
+        \    'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+        \    'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+        \    'text': l:match[5],
+        \    'type': l:match[4] =~# '^Error' ? 'E' : 'W'
+        \ })
+    endfor
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, '\v(.*)\((\d+),(\d+)\): (Verification of .{-} timed out after \d+ seconds)')
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \     'filename': l:match[1],
+        \     'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+        \     'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+        \     'text': l:match[4],
+        \     'type': 'E',
+        \ })
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#dafny#dafny#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return printf('dafny %%s /compile:0 /timeLimit:%d', ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dafny_dafny_timelimit'))
+endfunction
+
+call ale#Set('dafny_dafny_timelimit', 10)
+call ale#linter#Define('dafny', {
+\    'name': 'dafny',
+\    'executable': 'dafny',
+\    'command': function('ale_linters#dafny#dafny#GetCommand'),
+\    'callback': 'ale_linters#dafny#dafny#Handle',
+\    'lint_file': 1,
+\ })

ale_linters/dart/analysis_server.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+" Author: Nelson Yeung <nelsyeung@gmail.com>
+" Description: Check Dart files with dart analysis server LSP
+
+call ale#Set('dart_analysis_server_executable', 'dart')
+
+function! ale_linters#dart#analysis_server#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    " Note: pub only looks for pubspec.yaml, there's no point in adding
+    " support for pubspec.yml
+    let l:pubspec = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'pubspec.yaml')
+
+    return !empty(l:pubspec) ? fnamemodify(l:pubspec, ':h:h') : '.'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#dart#analysis_server#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dart_analysis_server_executable')
+    let l:dart = resolve(exepath(l:executable))
+
+    return '%e '
+    \   . fnamemodify(l:dart, ':h') . '/snapshots/analysis_server.dart.snapshot'
+    \   . ' --lsp'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('dart', {
+\   'name': 'analysis_server',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'dart_analysis_server_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#dart#analysis_server#GetCommand'),
+\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#dart#analysis_server#GetProjectRoot'),
+\})

ale_linters/dart/dartanalyzer.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+" Author: w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
+" Description: Check Dart files with dartanalyzer
+
+call ale#Set('dart_dartanalyzer_executable', 'dartanalyzer')
+
+function! ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.packages')
+
+    return '%e'
+    \   . (!empty(l:path) ? ' --packages ' . ale#Escape(l:path) : '')
+    \   . ' %s'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    let l:pattern = '\v^  ([a-z]+) . (.+) at (.+):(\d+):(\d+) . (.+)$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'type': l:match[1] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+        \   'text': l:match[6] . ': ' . l:match[2],
+        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[4]),
+        \   'col': str2nr(l:match[5]),
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('dart', {
+\   'name': 'dartanalyzer',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'dart_dartanalyzer_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#Handle',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})

ale_linters/dart/language_server.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+" Author: aurieh <me@aurieh.me>
+" Description: A language server for dart
+
+call ale#Set('dart_language_server_executable', 'dart_language_server')
+
+function! ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    " Note: pub only looks for pubspec.yaml, there's no point in adding
+    " support for pubspec.yml
+    let l:pubspec = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'pubspec.yaml')
+
+    return !empty(l:pubspec) ? fnamemodify(l:pubspec, ':h:h') : ''
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('dart', {
+\   'name': 'language_server',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'dart_language_server_executable')},
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetProjectRoot'),
+\})

ale_linters/dockerfile/dockerfile_lint.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+" Author: Alexander Olofsson <alexander.olofsson@liu.se>
+
+call ale#Set('dockerfile_dockerfile_lint_executable', 'dockerfile_lint')
+call ale#Set('dockerfile_dockerfile_lint_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#GetType(type) abort
+    if a:type is? 'error'
+        return 'E'
+    elseif a:type is? 'warn'
+        return 'W'
+    endif
+
+    return 'I'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    try
+        let l:data = json_decode(join(a:lines, ''))
+    catch
+        return []
+    endtry
+
+    if empty(l:data)
+        " Should never happen, but it's better to be on the safe side
+        return []
+    endif
+
+    let l:messages = []
+
+    for l:type in ['error', 'warn', 'info']
+        for l:object in l:data[l:type]['data']
+            let l:line = get(l:object, 'line', -1)
+            let l:message = l:object['message']
+
+            let l:link = get(l:object, 'reference_url', '')
+
+            if type(l:link) == v:t_list
+                " Somehow, reference_url is returned as two-part list.
+                " Anchor markers in that list are sometimes duplicated.
+                " See https://github.com/projectatomic/dockerfile_lint/issues/134
+                let l:link = join(l:link, '')
+                let l:link = substitute(l:link, '##', '#', '')
+            endif
+
+            let l:detail = l:message
+
+            if get(l:object, 'description', 'None') isnot# 'None'
+                let l:detail .= "\n\n" . l:object['description']
+            endif
+
+            let l:detail .= "\n\n" . l:link
+
+            call add(l:messages, {
+            \   'lnum': l:line,
+            \   'text': l:message,
+            \   'type': ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#GetType(l:type),
+            \   'detail': l:detail,
+            \})
+        endfor
+    endfor
+
+    return l:messages
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dockerfile_dockerfile_lint_options'))
+    \   . ' -p -j -f'
+    \   . ' %t'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('dockerfile', {
+\   'name': 'dockerfile_lint',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'dockerfile_dockerfile_lint_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/dockerfile/hadolint.vim

@@ -1,37 +1,109 @@
 " Author: hauleth - https://github.com/hauleth
 
+" always, yes, never
+call ale#Set('dockerfile_hadolint_use_docker', 'never')
+call ale#Set('dockerfile_hadolint_docker_image', 'hadolint/hadolint')
+
 function! ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     " Matches patterns line the following:
     "
-    " stdin:19: F: Pipe chain should start with a raw value.
-    let l:pattern = '\v^/dev/stdin:?(\d+)? (\S+) (.+)$'
+    " /dev/stdin:19 DL3001 Pipe chain should start with a raw value.
+    " /dev/stdin:19:3 unexpected thing
+    let l:pattern = '\v^/dev/stdin:(\d+):?(\d+)? ((DL|SC)(\d+) )?((.+)?: )?(.+)$'
     let l:output = []
 
     for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
         let l:lnum = 0
+        let l:colnum = 0
 
-        if l:match[1] !=# ''
+        if l:match[1] isnot# ''
             let l:lnum = l:match[1] + 0
         endif
 
-        let l:type = 'W'
-        let l:text = l:match[3]
+        if l:match[2] isnot# ''
+            let l:colnum = l:match[2] + 0
+        endif
+
+        " Shellcheck knows a 'style' severity - pin it to info level as well.
+        if l:match[7] is# 'style'
+            let l:type = 'I'
+        elseif l:match[7] is# 'info'
+            let l:type = 'I'
+        elseif l:match[7] is# 'warning'
+            let l:type = 'W'
+        else
+            let l:type = 'E'
+        endif
+
+        let l:text = l:match[8]
+        let l:detail = l:match[8]
+        let l:domain = 'https://github.com/hadolint/hadolint/wiki/'
+
+        if l:match[4] is# 'SC'
+            let l:domain = 'https://github.com/koalaman/shellcheck/wiki/'
+        endif
+
+        if l:match[5] isnot# ''
+            let l:code = l:match[4] . l:match[5]
+            let l:link = ' ( ' . l:domain . l:code . ' )'
+            let l:detail = l:code . l:link . "\n\n" . l:detail
+        else
+            let l:type = 'E'
+        endif
 
         call add(l:output, {
         \   'lnum': l:lnum,
-        \   'col': 0,
+        \   'col': l:colnum,
         \   'type': l:type,
         \   'text': l:text,
-        \   'nr': l:match[2],
+        \   'detail': l:detail
         \})
     endfor
 
     return l:output
 endfunction
 
+" This is a little different than the typical 'executable' callback.  We want
+" to afford the user the chance to say always use docker, never use docker,
+" and use docker if the hadolint executable is not present on the system.
+"
+" In the case of neither docker nor hadolint executables being present, it
+" really doesn't matter which we return -- either will have the effect of
+" 'nope, can't use this linter!'.
+
+function! ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    let l:use_docker = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dockerfile_hadolint_use_docker')
+
+    " check for mandatory directives
+    if l:use_docker is# 'never'
+        return 'hadolint'
+    elseif l:use_docker is# 'always'
+        return 'docker'
+    endif
+
+    " if we reach here, we want to use 'hadolint' if present...
+    if executable('hadolint')
+        return 'hadolint'
+    endif
+
+    "... and 'docker' as a fallback.
+    return 'docker'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:command = ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+
+    if l:command is# 'docker'
+        return 'docker run --rm -i ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dockerfile_hadolint_docker_image')
+    endif
+
+    return 'hadolint -'
+endfunction
+
+
 call ale#linter#Define('dockerfile', {
 \   'name': 'hadolint',
-\   'executable': 'hadolint',
-\   'command': 'hadolint -',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#Handle',
 \})

ale_linters/elixir/credo.vim

@@ -11,10 +11,18 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
         let l:type = l:match[3]
         let l:text = l:match[4]
 
-        if l:type ==# 'C'
-            let l:type = 'E'
-        elseif l:type ==# 'R'
+        " Refactoring opportunities
+        if l:type is# 'F'
             let l:type = 'W'
+        " Consistency
+        elseif l:type is# 'C'
+            let l:type = 'W'
+        " Software Design
+        elseif l:type is# 'D'
+            let l:type = 'I'
+        " Code Readability
+        elseif l:type is# 'R'
+            let l:type = 'I'
         endif
 
         call add(l:output, {
@@ -29,9 +37,35 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     return l:output
 endfunction
 
+function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetMode() abort
+    if get(g:, 'ale_elixir_credo_strict', 0)
+        return '--strict'
+    else
+        return 'suggest'
+    endif
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetConfigFile() abort
+    let l:config_file = get(g:, 'ale_elixir_credo_config_file', '')
+
+    if empty(l:config_file)
+        return ''
+    endif
+
+    return ' --config-file ' . l:config_file
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return 'mix help credo && '
+    \ . 'mix credo ' . ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetMode()
+    \ . ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetConfigFile()
+    \ . ' --format=flycheck --read-from-stdin %s'
+endfunction
+
 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
 \   'name': 'credo',
 \   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': 'mix credo suggest --format=flycheck --read-from-stdin %s',
+\   'cwd': function('ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixUmbrellaRoot'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#credo#Handle',
 \})

ale_linters/elixir/dialyxir.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+" Author: Fran C. - https://github.com/franciscoj
+" Description: Add dialyzer support for elixir through dialyxir
+" https://github.com/jeremyjh/dialyxir
+
+function! ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    " Matches patterns line the following:
+    "
+    " lib/filename.ex:19: Function fname/1 has no local return
+    let l:pattern = '\v(.+):(\d+): (.+)$'
+    let l:output = []
+    let l:type = 'W'
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        if bufname(a:buffer) == l:match[1]
+            call add(l:output, {
+            \   'bufnr': a:buffer,
+            \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+            \   'col': 0,
+            \   'type': l:type,
+            \   'text': l:match[3],
+            \})
+        endif
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
+\   'name': 'dialyxir',
+\   'executable': 'mix',
+\   'cwd': function('ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot'),
+\   'command': 'mix help dialyzer && mix dialyzer',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/elixir/dogma.vim

@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#dogma#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
         let l:type = l:match[3]
         let l:text = l:match[4]
 
-        if l:type ==# 'C'
+        if l:type is# 'C'
             let l:type = 'E'
-        elseif l:type ==# 'R'
+        elseif l:type is# 'R'
             let l:type = 'W'
         endif
 
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
 \   'name': 'dogma',
 \   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': 'mix dogma %s --format=flycheck',
+\   'cwd': function('ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot'),
+\   'command': 'mix help dogma && mix dogma %s --format=flycheck',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#dogma#Handle',
 \})

ale_linters/elixir/elixir_ls.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+" Author: Jon Parise <jon@indelible.org>
+" Description: ElixirLS integration (https://github.com/JakeBecker/elixir-ls)
+
+call ale#Set('elixir_elixir_ls_release', 'elixir-ls')
+call ale#Set('elixir_elixir_ls_config', {})
+
+function! ale_linters#elixir#elixir_ls#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    let l:dir = ale#path#Simplify(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elixir_elixir_ls_release'))
+    let l:cmd = has('win32') ? '\language_server.bat' : '/language_server.sh'
+
+    return l:dir . l:cmd
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
+\   'name': 'elixir-ls',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#elixir#elixir_ls#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#elixir#elixir_ls#GetExecutable'),
+\   'project_root': function('ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixUmbrellaRoot'),
+\   'lsp_config': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'elixir_elixir_ls_config')},
+\})

ale_linters/elixir/mix.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+" Author: evnu - https://github.com/evnu
+" Author: colbydehart - https://github.com/colbydehart
+" Description: Mix compile checking for Elixir files
+
+function! ale_linters#elixir#mix#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    " Matches patterns like the following:
+    "
+    " Error format
+    " ** (CompileError) apps/sim/lib/sim/server.ex:87: undefined function update_in/4
+    "
+    " TODO: Warning format
+    " warning: variable "foobar" does not exist and is being expanded to "foobar()", please use parentheses to remove the ambiguity or change the variable name
+    let l:pattern = '\v\(([^\)]+Error)\) ([^:]+):([^:]+): (.+)$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        let l:type = 'E'
+        let l:text = l:match[4]
+
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'bufnr': a:buffer,
+        \   'lnum': l:match[3] + 0,
+        \   'col': 0,
+        \   'type': l:type,
+        \   'text': l:text,
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elixir#mix#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:temp_dir = ale#command#CreateDirectory(a:buffer)
+
+    return ale#Env('MIX_BUILD_PATH', l:temp_dir) . 'mix compile %s'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
+\   'name': 'mix',
+\   'executable': 'mix',
+\   'cwd': function('ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#elixir#mix#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#mix#Handle',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})

ale_linters/elm/elm_ls.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+" Author: antew - https://github.com/antew
+" Description: elm-language-server integration for elm (diagnostics, formatting, and more)
+
+call ale#Set('elm_ls_executable', 'elm-language-server')
+call ale#Set('elm_ls_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 1))
+
+" elm-language-server will search for local and global binaries, if empty
+call ale#Set('elm_ls_elm_path', '')
+call ale#Set('elm_ls_elm_format_path', '')
+call ale#Set('elm_ls_elm_test_path', '')
+call ale#Set('elm_ls_elm_analyse_trigger', 'change')
+
+function! elm_ls#GetRootDir(buffer) abort
+    let l:elm_json = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm.json')
+
+    return !empty(l:elm_json) ? fnamemodify(l:elm_json, ':p:h') : ''
+endfunction
+
+function! elm_ls#GetOptions(buffer) abort
+    return {
+    \   'elmPath': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elm_ls_elm_path'),
+    \   'elmFormatPath': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elm_ls_elm_format_path'),
+    \   'elmTestPath': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elm_ls_elm_test_path'),
+    \   'elmAnalyseTrigger': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elm_ls_elm_analyse_trigger'),
+    \}
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('elm', {
+\   'name': 'elm_ls',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#node#FindExecutable(b, 'elm_ls', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/elm-language-server',
+\       'node_modules/.bin/elm-lsp',
+\       'elm-lsp'
+\   ])},
+\   'command': '%e --stdio',
+\   'project_root': function('elm_ls#GetRootDir'),
+\   'language': 'elm',
+\   'initialization_options': function('elm_ls#GetOptions')
+\})

ale_linters/elm/make.vim

@@ -1,35 +1,21 @@
-" Author: buffalocoder - https://github.com/buffalocoder
+" Author: buffalocoder - https://github.com/buffalocoder, soywod - https://github.com/soywod, hecrj - https://github.com/hecrj
 " Description: Elm linting in Ale. Closely follows the Syntastic checker in https://github.com/ElmCast/elm-vim.
 
+call ale#Set('elm_make_executable', 'elm')
+call ale#Set('elm_make_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
+
 function! ale_linters#elm#make#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     let l:output = []
-    let l:is_windows = has('win32')
-    let l:temp_dir = l:is_windows ? $TMP : $TMPDIR
     let l:unparsed_lines = []
+
     for l:line in a:lines
-        if l:line[0] ==# '['
-            let l:errors = json_decode(l:line)
-
-            for l:error in l:errors
-                " Check if file is from the temp directory.
-                " Filters out any errors not related to the buffer.
-                if l:is_windows
-                    let l:file_is_buffer = l:error.file[0:len(l:temp_dir) - 1] ==? l:temp_dir
-                else
-                    let l:file_is_buffer = l:error.file[0:len(l:temp_dir) - 1] ==# l:temp_dir
-                endif
-
-                if l:file_is_buffer
-                    call add(l:output, {
-                    \    'lnum': l:error.region.start.line,
-                    \    'col': l:error.region.start.column,
-                    \    'type': (l:error.type ==? 'error') ? 'E' : 'W',
-                    \    'text': l:error.overview,
-                    \    'detail': l:error.overview . "\n\n" . l:error.details
-                    \})
-                endif
-            endfor
-        elseif l:line !=# 'Successfully generated /dev/null'
+        if l:line[0] is# '{'
+            " Elm 0.19
+            call ale_linters#elm#make#HandleElm019Line(l:line, l:output)
+        elseif l:line[0] is# '['
+            " Elm 0.18
+            call ale_linters#elm#make#HandleElm018Line(l:line, l:output)
+        elseif l:line isnot# 'Successfully generated /dev/null'
             call add(l:unparsed_lines, l:line)
         endif
     endfor
@@ -46,30 +32,211 @@ function! ale_linters#elm#make#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     return l:output
 endfunction
 
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#HandleElm019Line(line, output) abort
+    let l:report = json_decode(a:line)
+
+    if l:report.type is? 'error'
+        " General problem
+        let l:details = ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessage(l:report.message)
+
+        if empty(l:report.path)
+            let l:report.path = 'Elm'
+        endif
+
+        if ale_linters#elm#make#FileIsBuffer(l:report.path)
+            call add(a:output, {
+            \    'lnum': 1,
+            \    'type': 'E',
+            \    'text': l:details,
+            \})
+        else
+            call add(a:output, {
+            \    'lnum': 1,
+            \    'type': 'E',
+            \    'text': l:report.path .' - '. l:details,
+            \    'detail': l:report.path ." ----------\n\n". l:details,
+            \})
+        endif
+    else
+        " Compilation errors
+        for l:error in l:report.errors
+            let l:file_is_buffer = ale_linters#elm#make#FileIsBuffer(l:error.path)
+
+            for l:problem in l:error.problems
+                let l:details = ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessage(l:problem.message)
+
+                if l:file_is_buffer
+                    " Buffer module has problems
+                    call add(a:output, {
+                    \    'lnum': l:problem.region.start.line,
+                    \    'col': l:problem.region.start.column,
+                    \    'end_lnum': l:problem.region.end.line,
+                    \    'end_col': l:problem.region.end.column,
+                    \    'type': 'E',
+                    \    'text': l:details,
+                    \})
+                else
+                    " Imported module has problems
+                    let l:location = l:error.path .':'. l:problem.region.start.line
+                    call add(a:output, {
+                    \    'lnum': 1,
+                    \    'type': 'E',
+                    \    'text': l:location .' - '. l:details,
+                    \    'detail': l:location ." ----------\n\n". l:details,
+                    \})
+                endif
+            endfor
+        endfor
+    endif
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#HandleElm018Line(line, output) abort
+    let l:errors = json_decode(a:line)
+
+    for l:error in l:errors
+        let l:file_is_buffer = ale_linters#elm#make#FileIsBuffer(l:error.file)
+
+        if l:file_is_buffer
+            " Current buffer has problems
+            call add(a:output, {
+            \    'lnum': l:error.region.start.line,
+            \    'col': l:error.region.start.column,
+            \    'end_lnum': l:error.region.end.line,
+            \    'end_col': l:error.region.end.column,
+            \    'type': (l:error.type is? 'error') ? 'E' : 'W',
+            \    'text': l:error.overview,
+            \    'detail': l:error.overview . "\n\n" . l:error.details
+            \})
+        elseif l:error.type is? 'error'
+            " Imported module has errors
+            let l:location = l:error.file .':'. l:error.region.start.line
+
+            call add(a:output, {
+            \    'lnum': 1,
+            \    'type': 'E',
+            \    'text': l:location .' - '. l:error.overview,
+            \    'detail': l:location ." ----------\n\n". l:error.overview . "\n\n" . l:error.details
+            \})
+        endif
+    endfor
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#FileIsBuffer(path) abort
+    return ale#path#IsTempName(a:path)
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessage(message) abort
+    return join(map(copy(a:message), 'ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessageItem(v:val)'), '')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessageItem(item) abort
+    if type(a:item) is v:t_string
+        return a:item
+    else
+        return a:item.string
+    endif
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetPackageFile(buffer) abort
+    let l:elm_json = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm.json')
+
+    if empty(l:elm_json)
+        " Fallback to Elm 0.18
+        let l:elm_json = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm-package.json')
+    endif
+
+    return l:elm_json
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#IsVersionGte19(buffer) abort
+    let l:elm_json = ale_linters#elm#make#GetPackageFile(a:buffer)
+
+    if l:elm_json =~# '-package'
+        return 0
+    else
+        return 1
+    endif
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetRootDir(buffer) abort
+    let l:elm_json = ale_linters#elm#make#GetPackageFile(a:buffer)
+
+    if empty(l:elm_json)
+        return ''
+    else
+        return fnamemodify(l:elm_json, ':p:h')
+    endif
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#IsTest(buffer) abort
+    let l:root_dir = ale_linters#elm#make#GetRootDir(a:buffer)
+
+    if empty(l:root_dir)
+        return 0
+    endif
+
+    let l:tests_dir = join([l:root_dir, 'tests', ''], has('win32') ? '\' : '/')
+
+    let l:buffer_path = fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p')
+
+    if stridx(l:buffer_path, l:tests_dir) == 0
+        return 1
+    else
+        return 0
+    endif
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetCwd(buffer) abort
+    let l:root_dir = ale_linters#elm#make#GetRootDir(a:buffer)
+
+    return !empty(l:root_dir) ? l:root_dir : ''
+endfunction
+
 " Return the command to execute the linter in the projects directory.
 " If it doesn't, then this will fail when imports are needed.
 function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:elm_package = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm-package.json')
-    if empty(l:elm_package)
-        let l:dir_set_cmd = ''
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    let l:is_v19 = ale_linters#elm#make#IsVersionGte19(a:buffer)
+    let l:is_using_elm_test = l:executable =~# 'elm-test$'
+
+    " elm-test needs to know the path of elm-make if elm isn't installed globally.
+    " https://github.com/rtfeldman/node-test-runner/blob/57728f10668f2d2ab3179e7e3208bcfa9a1f19aa/README.md#--compiler
+    if l:is_v19 && l:is_using_elm_test
+        let l:elm_make_executable = ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'elm_make', ['node_modules/.bin/elm'])
+        let l:elm_test_compiler_flag = ' --compiler ' . l:elm_make_executable . ' '
     else
-        let l:root_dir = fnamemodify(l:elm_package, ':p:h')
-        let l:dir_set_cmd = 'cd ' . ale#Escape(l:root_dir) . ' && '
+        let l:elm_test_compiler_flag = ' '
     endif
 
-    " The elm-make compiler, at the time of this writing, uses '/dev/null' as
+    " The elm compiler, at the time of this writing, uses '/dev/null' as
     " a sort of flag to tell the compiler not to generate an output file,
     " which is why this is hard coded here.
-    " Source: https://github.com/elm-lang/elm-make/blob/master/src/Flags.hs
-    let l:elm_cmd = 'elm-make --report=json --output='.ale#Escape('/dev/null')
+    " Source: https://github.com/elm-lang/elm-compiler/blob/19d5a769b30ec0b2fc4475985abb4cd94cd1d6c3/builder/src/Generate/Output.hs#L253
+    return '%e make --report=json --output=/dev/null'
+    \   . l:elm_test_compiler_flag
+    \   . '%t'
+endfunction
 
-    return l:dir_set_cmd . ' ' . l:elm_cmd . ' %t'
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    let l:is_test = ale_linters#elm#make#IsTest(a:buffer)
+    let l:is_v19 = ale_linters#elm#make#IsVersionGte19(a:buffer)
+
+    if l:is_test && l:is_v19
+        return ale#node#FindExecutable(
+        \   a:buffer,
+        \   'elm_make',
+        \   ['node_modules/.bin/elm-test', 'node_modules/.bin/elm']
+        \)
+    else
+        return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'elm_make', ['node_modules/.bin/elm'])
+    endif
 endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('elm', {
-\    'name': 'make',
-\    'executable': 'elm-make',
-\    'output_stream': 'both',
-\    'command_callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand',
-\    'callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#Handle'
+\   'name': 'make',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable'),
+\   'output_stream': 'both',
+\   'cwd': function('ale_linters#elm#make#GetCwd'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#Handle'
 \})

ale_linters/erlang/dialyzer.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+" Author: Autoine Gagne - https://github.com/AntoineGagne
+" Description: Define a checker that runs dialyzer on Erlang files.
+
+let g:ale_erlang_dialyzer_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_erlang_dialyzer_executable', 'dialyzer')
+let g:ale_erlang_dialyzer_options =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_erlang_dialyzer_options', '-Wunmatched_returns'
+\                                        . ' -Werror_handling'
+\                                        . ' -Wrace_conditions'
+\                                        . ' -Wunderspecs')
+let g:ale_erlang_dialyzer_plt_file =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_erlang_dialyzer_plt_file', '')
+let g:ale_erlang_dialyzer_rebar3_profile =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_erlang_dialyzer_rebar3_profile', 'default')
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetRebar3Profile(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_dialyzer_rebar3_profile')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#FindPlt(buffer) abort
+    let l:plt_file = ''
+    let l:rebar3_profile = ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetRebar3Profile(a:buffer)
+    let l:plt_file_directory = ale#path#FindNearestDirectory(a:buffer, '_build/' . l:rebar3_profile)
+
+    if !empty(l:plt_file_directory)
+        let l:plt_file = globpath(l:plt_file_directory, '*_plt', 0, 1)
+    endif
+
+    if !empty(l:plt_file)
+        return l:plt_file[0]
+    endif
+
+    if !empty($REBAR_PLT_DIR)
+        return expand('$REBAR_PLT_DIR/dialyzer/plt')
+    endif
+
+    return expand('$HOME/.dialyzer_plt')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetPlt(buffer) abort
+    let l:plt_file = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_dialyzer_plt_file')
+
+    if !empty(l:plt_file)
+        return l:plt_file
+    endif
+
+    return ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#FindPlt(a:buffer)
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_dialyzer_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_dialyzer_options')
+
+    let l:command = ale#Escape(ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -n'
+    \   . ' --plt ' . ale#Escape(ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetPlt(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' ' . l:options
+    \   . ' %s'
+
+    return l:command
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    " Match patterns like the following:
+    "
+    " erl_tidy_prv_fmt.erl:3: Callback info about the provider behaviour is not available
+    let l:pattern = '^\S\+:\(\d\+\): \(.\+\)$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:line in a:lines
+        let l:match = matchlist(l:line, l:pattern)
+
+        if len(l:match) != 0
+            let l:code = l:match[2]
+
+            call add(l:output, {
+            \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[1]),
+            \   'lcol': 0,
+            \   'text': l:code,
+            \   'type': 'W'
+            \})
+        endif
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('erlang', {
+\   'name': 'dialyzer',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': function('ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#Handle'),
+\   'lint_file': 1
+\})

ale_linters/erlang/elvis.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+" Author: Dmitri Vereshchagin <dmitri.vereshchagin@gmail.com>
+" Description: Elvis linter for Erlang files
+
+call ale#Set('erlang_elvis_executable', 'elvis')
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#elvis#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    let l:pattern = '\v:(\d+):[^:]+:(.+)'
+    let l:loclist = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        call add(l:loclist, {
+        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[1]),
+        \   'text': s:AbbreviateMessage(l:match[2]),
+        \   'type': 'W',
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:loclist
+endfunction
+
+function! s:AbbreviateMessage(text) abort
+    let l:pattern = '\v\c^(line \d+ is too long):.*$'
+
+    return substitute(a:text, l:pattern, '\1.', '')
+endfunction
+
+function! s:GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:file = ale#Escape(expand('#' . a:buffer . ':.'))
+
+    return '%e rock --output-format=parsable ' . l:file
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('erlang', {
+\   'name': 'elvis',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#elvis#Handle',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'erlang_elvis_executable')},
+\   'command': function('s:GetCommand'),
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})

ale_linters/erlang/erlc.vim

@@ -1,14 +1,22 @@
 " Author: Magnus Ottenklinger - https://github.com/evnu
 
+let g:ale_erlang_erlc_executable = get(g:, 'ale_erlang_erlc_executable', 'erlc')
 let g:ale_erlang_erlc_options = get(g:, 'ale_erlang_erlc_options', '')
 
-function! ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:output_file = tempname()
-    call ale#engine#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:output_file)
+function! ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_erlc_executable')
+endfunction
 
-    return 'erlc -o ' . ale#Escape(l:output_file)
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_erlc_options')
-    \   . ' %t'
+function! ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:output_file = ale#util#Tempname()
+    call ale#command#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:output_file)
+
+    let l:command = ale#Escape(ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \             . ' -o ' . ale#Escape(l:output_file)
+    \             . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_erlc_options')
+    \             . ' %t'
+
+    return l:command
 endfunction
 
 function! ale_linters#erlang#erlc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -17,7 +25,7 @@ function! ale_linters#erlang#erlc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     " error.erl:4: variable 'B' is unbound
     " error.erl:3: Warning: function main/0 is unused
     " error.erl:4: Warning: variable 'A' is unused
-    let l:pattern = '\v^([^:]+):(\d+): (Warning: )?(.+)$'
+    let l:pattern = '\v^([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+): (Warning: )?(.+)$'
 
     " parse_transforms are a special case. The error message does not indicate a location:
     " error.erl: undefined parse transform 'some_parse_transform'
@@ -27,7 +35,7 @@ function! ale_linters#erlang#erlc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
     let l:pattern_no_module_definition = '\v(no module definition)$'
     let l:pattern_unused = '\v(.* is unused)$'
 
-    let l:is_hrl = fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':e') ==# 'hrl'
+    let l:is_hrl = fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':e') is# 'hrl'
 
     for l:line in a:lines
         let l:match = matchlist(l:line, l:pattern)
@@ -90,7 +98,7 @@ endfunction
 
 call ale#linter#Define('erlang', {
 \   'name': 'erlc',
-\   'executable': 'erlc',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetCommand',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetExecutable'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetCommand'),
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#erlc#Handle',
 \})

ale_linters/erlang/syntaxerl.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+" Author: Dmitri Vereshchagin <dmitri.vereshchagin@gmail.com>
+" Description: SyntaxErl linter for Erlang files
+
+call ale#Set('erlang_syntaxerl_executable', 'syntaxerl')
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#RunHelpCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_syntaxerl_executable')
+
+    return ale#command#Run(
+    \   a:buffer,
+    \   ale#Escape(l:executable) . ' -h',
+    \   function('ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand'),
+    \)
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand(buffer, output, meta) abort
+    let l:use_b_option = match(a:output, '\C\V-b, --base\>') > -1
+
+    return '%e' . (l:use_b_option ? ' -b %s %t' : ' %t')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    let l:pattern = '\v\C:(\d+):( warning:)? (.+)'
+    let l:loclist = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        call add(l:loclist, {
+        \   'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
+        \   'text': l:match[3],
+        \   'type': empty(l:match[2]) ? 'E' : 'W',
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:loclist
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('erlang', {
+\   'name': 'syntaxerl',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'erlang_syntaxerl_executable')},
+\   'command': {b -> ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#RunHelpCommand(b)},
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle',
+\})

ale_linters/eruby/erb.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+" Author: Matthias Guenther - https://wikimatze.de, Eddie Lebow https://github.com/elebow
+" Description: ERB from the Ruby standard library, for eruby/erb files
+
+function! ale_linters#eruby#erb#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:rails_root = ale#ruby#FindRailsRoot(a:buffer)
+
+    if empty(l:rails_root)
+        return 'erb -P -T - -x %t | ruby -c'
+    endif
+
+    " Rails-flavored eRuby does not comply with the standard as understood by
+    " ERB, so we'll have to do some substitution. This does not reduce the
+    " effectiveness of the linter—the translated code is still evaluated.
+    return 'ruby -r erb -e ' . ale#Escape('puts ERB.new($stdin.read.gsub(%{<%=},%{<%}), nil, %{-}).src') . '< %t | ruby -c'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('eruby', {
+\   'name': 'erb',
+\   'aliases': ['erubylint'],
+\   'executable': 'erb',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#eruby#erb#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#ruby#HandleSyntaxErrors',
+\})
+

ale_linters/eruby/erubi.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+" Author: Eddie Lebow https://github.com/elebow
+" Description: eruby checker using `erubi`
+
+function! ale_linters#eruby#erubi#GetCommand(buffer, output, meta) abort
+    let l:rails_root = ale#ruby#FindRailsRoot(a:buffer)
+
+    if !empty(a:output)
+        " The empty command in CheckErubi returns nothing if erubi runs and
+        " emits an error if erubi is not present
+        return ''
+    endif
+
+    if empty(l:rails_root)
+        return 'ruby -r erubi/capture_end -e ' . ale#Escape('puts Erubi::CaptureEndEngine.new($stdin.read).src') . '< %t | ruby -c'
+    endif
+
+    " Rails-flavored eRuby does not comply with the standard as understood by
+    " Erubi, so we'll have to do some substitution. This does not reduce the
+    " effectiveness of the linter---the translated code is still evaluated.
+    return 'ruby -r erubi/capture_end -e ' . ale#Escape('puts Erubi::CaptureEndEngine.new($stdin.read.gsub(%{<%=},%{<%}), nil, %{-}).src') . '< %t | ruby -c'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('eruby', {
+\   'name': 'erubi',
+\   'executable': 'ruby',
+\   'command': {buffer -> ale#command#Run(
+\       buffer,
+\       'ruby -r erubi/capture_end -e ' . ale#Escape('""'),
+\       function('ale_linters#eruby#erubi#GetCommand'),
+\   )},
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#ruby#HandleSyntaxErrors',
+\})

ale_linters/eruby/erubis.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+" Author: Jake Zimmerman <jake@zimmerman.io>, Eddie Lebow https://github.com/elebow
+" Description: eruby checker using `erubis`, instead of `erb`
+
+function! ale_linters#eruby#erubis#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:rails_root = ale#ruby#FindRailsRoot(a:buffer)
+
+    if empty(l:rails_root)
+        return 'erubis -x %t | ruby -c'
+    endif
+
+    " Rails-flavored eRuby does not comply with the standard as understood by
+    " Erubis, so we'll have to do some substitution. This does not reduce the
+    " effectiveness of the linter - the translated code is still evaluated.
+    return 'ruby -r erubis -e ' . ale#Escape('puts Erubis::Eruby.new($stdin.read.gsub(%{<%=},%{<%})).src') . '< %t | ruby -c'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('eruby', {
+\   'name': 'erubis',
+\   'executable': 'erubis',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#eruby#erubis#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#ruby#HandleSyntaxErrors',
+\})

ale_linters/eruby/erubylint.vim

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Matthias Guenther - https://wikimatze.de
-" Description: erb-lint for eruby/erb files
-
-call ale#linter#Define('eruby', {
-\   'name': 'erubylint',
-\   'executable': 'erb',
-\    'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'command': 'erb -P -x %t | ruby -c',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#ruby#HandleSyntaxErrors',
-\})
-

ale_linters/eruby/ruumba.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+" Author: aclemons - https://github.com/aclemons
+" based on the ale rubocop linter
+" Description: Ruumba, RuboCop linting for ERB templates.
+
+call ale#Set('eruby_ruumba_executable', 'ruumba')
+call ale#Set('eruby_ruumba_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'eruby_ruumba_executable')
+
+    return ale#ruby#EscapeExecutable(l:executable, 'ruumba')
+    \   . ' --format json --force-exclusion '
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'eruby_ruumba_options')
+    \   . ' --stdin %s'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    try
+        let l:errors = json_decode(a:lines[0])
+    catch
+        return []
+    endtry
+
+    if !has_key(l:errors, 'summary')
+    \|| l:errors['summary']['offense_count'] == 0
+    \|| empty(l:errors['files'])
+        return []
+    endif
+
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:error in l:errors['files'][0]['offenses']
+        let l:start_col = l:error['location']['column'] + 0
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'lnum': l:error['location']['line'] + 0,
+        \   'col': l:start_col,
+        \   'end_col': l:start_col + l:error['location']['length'] - 1,
+        \   'code': l:error['cop_name'],
+        \   'text': l:error['message'],
+        \   'type': ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#GetType(l:error['severity']),
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#GetType(severity) abort
+    if a:severity is? 'convention'
+    \|| a:severity is? 'warning'
+    \|| a:severity is? 'refactor'
+        return 'W'
+    endif
+
+    return 'E'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('eruby', {
+\   'name': 'ruumba',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'eruby_ruumba_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#Handle',
+\})